髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓防治的研究进展(2)
溶栓治疗主要是将抗血小板药物与溶栓药物联合应用,以加速深静脉血栓的溶解。随着腔内微创治疗技术的发展,通过采用球囊扩张及支架成型术、静脉腔内直接溶栓(forgate导管直接插入静脉血栓内注入溶栓药物)、机械性消融血栓术及负压抽吸血栓术等治疗下肢DVT取得良好效果,有逐步代替手术取栓的趋势[18-20]。
综上所述,降低髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成重在预防,随着技术的进步以及临床医师的重视,DVT的发生率明显降低。如何从源头上防止DVT的发生;如何最大限度降低DVT的发生,降低患者的致残率及致死率;如何更加合理应用药物治疗,为临床提供循证医学证据,是笔者今后研究的方向。
[参考文献]
[1] Wolf BR, Lu X, Li Y, et al. Adverse outcomes in hip arthroplasty: Long-term trends [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2012,94(14):1038.
, 百拇医药
[2] Huang Q, Shen B, Yang J, et al. midterm to long-term follow-up study after hybrid total hip arthroplasty[J]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi, 2012,50(4):313-317.
[3] Wessels P, Riback WJ. Dvt prophylaxis in relation to patient risk profiling - tune-in study [J]. S Afr Med J, 2012,102(2):85-89.
[4] Ryan K, Johnson S. Preventing dvt: A perioperative perspective[J]. J Perioper Pract, 2009,19(2):55-59.
, 百拇医药 [5] 邵松,尚希福,谢威,等.周期性充气加压预防髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓的效果[J].临床骨科杂志,2009,12(1):35-37.
[6] 朱建炜,董启榕,成红兵,等.足动静脉脉冲系统与低分子肝素预防全髋关节置换术后深静脉血栓形成[J].江苏医药,2006,32(4):370-371.
[7] DeDea L. Dvt prophylaxis with aspirin in orthopedic surgery patients [J]. JAAPA, 2012,25(4):21.
[8] 严伟.老年骨科手术患者下肢深静脉血栓的预防与治疗[J].中国老年学杂志,2011,31(9):1660-1661.
[9] Park WJ, Jo SH, Kim SA, et al. Rationale and design of stop dvt study: Rosuvastatin for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing total knee replacement arthroplasty--a prospective randomized open-label controlled trial[J]. Contemp Clin Trials, 2011,32(5):779-782.
, 百拇医药
[10] Chotanaphuti T, Ongnamthip P, Songpatanasil T, et al. Risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (dvt) after total knee arthroplasty (tka) at phramongkutklao hospital [J]. J Med Assoc Thai, 2007,90(3):485-491.
[11] 杨晓.人工髋关节置换术后预防下肢深静脉血栓形成的病例报道[J].中华关节外科杂志(电子版),2011,5(6):816-818.
[12] 李明,王志萍.术前应用低分子肝素对老年人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓的预防作用[J].徐州医学院学报,2012,32(3):158-161.
[13] 田华,宋飞,张克,等.阿司匹林预防关节置换术后血栓栓塞性疾病的疗效和安全性研究[J].中华医学杂志,2007,87(47):3349-3352.
, 百拇医药
[14] Sheth NP, Lieberman JR, Della Valle CJ. Dvt prophylaxis in total joint reconstruction [J]. Orthop Clin North Am, 2010,41(2):273-280.
[15] Metzger AH, Wigle PR, Hein BE, et al. Treating dvt: Answers to 7 key questions [J]. J Fam Pract, 2010,59(11):616-622.
[16] Mackman N, Becker RC. Dvt: A new era in anticoagulant therapy [J]. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2010,30(3):369-371.
[17] Hofmann LV, Kuo WT. Catheter-directed thrombolysis for acute dvt [J]. Lancet, 2012,379(9810):3-4.
, http://www.100md.com
[18] Motto D. Clues to dvt pathogenesis [J]. Blood, 2011,117(4):1106-1107.
[19] Clarke JL. Dvt prophylaxis: Confronting a public health menace [J]. Am J Med Qual, 2010,25(1 Suppl):4S-15S.
[20] 张晓文.全髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓危险因素分析及防治[J].中国医刊,2011,46(9):61-63.
(收稿日期:2012-08-06), 百拇医药(郑仕聪 张毅)
综上所述,降低髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成重在预防,随着技术的进步以及临床医师的重视,DVT的发生率明显降低。如何从源头上防止DVT的发生;如何最大限度降低DVT的发生,降低患者的致残率及致死率;如何更加合理应用药物治疗,为临床提供循证医学证据,是笔者今后研究的方向。
[参考文献]
[1] Wolf BR, Lu X, Li Y, et al. Adverse outcomes in hip arthroplasty: Long-term trends [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2012,94(14):1038.
, 百拇医药
[2] Huang Q, Shen B, Yang J, et al. midterm to long-term follow-up study after hybrid total hip arthroplasty[J]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi, 2012,50(4):313-317.
[3] Wessels P, Riback WJ. Dvt prophylaxis in relation to patient risk profiling - tune-in study [J]. S Afr Med J, 2012,102(2):85-89.
[4] Ryan K, Johnson S. Preventing dvt: A perioperative perspective[J]. J Perioper Pract, 2009,19(2):55-59.
, 百拇医药 [5] 邵松,尚希福,谢威,等.周期性充气加压预防髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓的效果[J].临床骨科杂志,2009,12(1):35-37.
[6] 朱建炜,董启榕,成红兵,等.足动静脉脉冲系统与低分子肝素预防全髋关节置换术后深静脉血栓形成[J].江苏医药,2006,32(4):370-371.
[7] DeDea L. Dvt prophylaxis with aspirin in orthopedic surgery patients [J]. JAAPA, 2012,25(4):21.
[8] 严伟.老年骨科手术患者下肢深静脉血栓的预防与治疗[J].中国老年学杂志,2011,31(9):1660-1661.
[9] Park WJ, Jo SH, Kim SA, et al. Rationale and design of stop dvt study: Rosuvastatin for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing total knee replacement arthroplasty--a prospective randomized open-label controlled trial[J]. Contemp Clin Trials, 2011,32(5):779-782.
, 百拇医药
[10] Chotanaphuti T, Ongnamthip P, Songpatanasil T, et al. Risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (dvt) after total knee arthroplasty (tka) at phramongkutklao hospital [J]. J Med Assoc Thai, 2007,90(3):485-491.
[11] 杨晓.人工髋关节置换术后预防下肢深静脉血栓形成的病例报道[J].中华关节外科杂志(电子版),2011,5(6):816-818.
[12] 李明,王志萍.术前应用低分子肝素对老年人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓的预防作用[J].徐州医学院学报,2012,32(3):158-161.
[13] 田华,宋飞,张克,等.阿司匹林预防关节置换术后血栓栓塞性疾病的疗效和安全性研究[J].中华医学杂志,2007,87(47):3349-3352.
, 百拇医药
[14] Sheth NP, Lieberman JR, Della Valle CJ. Dvt prophylaxis in total joint reconstruction [J]. Orthop Clin North Am, 2010,41(2):273-280.
[15] Metzger AH, Wigle PR, Hein BE, et al. Treating dvt: Answers to 7 key questions [J]. J Fam Pract, 2010,59(11):616-622.
[16] Mackman N, Becker RC. Dvt: A new era in anticoagulant therapy [J]. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2010,30(3):369-371.
[17] Hofmann LV, Kuo WT. Catheter-directed thrombolysis for acute dvt [J]. Lancet, 2012,379(9810):3-4.
, http://www.100md.com
[18] Motto D. Clues to dvt pathogenesis [J]. Blood, 2011,117(4):1106-1107.
[19] Clarke JL. Dvt prophylaxis: Confronting a public health menace [J]. Am J Med Qual, 2010,25(1 Suppl):4S-15S.
[20] 张晓文.全髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓危险因素分析及防治[J].中国医刊,2011,46(9):61-63.
(收稿日期:2012-08-06), 百拇医药(郑仕聪 张毅)