客家地区结直肠癌临床病理特点分析(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨客家地区结直肠癌患者的临床病理特点。 方法 回顾性分析2012年1月—2017年12月梅州市人民医院收治的2 258例客家籍结直肠癌患者，分析其临床病理特点，并比较不同性别、不同部位和不同年龄阶段患者的临床病理特点差异。结果 2 258例结直肠癌患者中位发病年龄65岁(14～96岁)，男女发病比例为1.73：1;左、右半结肠癌分别占29.4%和21.6%，直肠癌占49.0%;TNM分期中晚期比例大(Ⅲ/Ⅳ期占50.9%)，病理类型以中分化腺癌为主。男性患者发病年龄大于女性(Z=-2.633，P=0.008);男性患者直肠癌和左半结肠癌占比高于女性，女性患者右半结肠癌占比高于男性(χ2=33.959，P<0.001)。右半结肠癌早期诊断率最低，中老年男性结肠癌患者更易合并肠息肉，老年结肠癌患者更易合并肠梗阻。 结论 客家地区结直肠癌患者发病趋于老龄化，就诊时分期偏晚，结肠癌占比高于直肠癌，不同性别、不同发病部位和不同年龄阶段的患者在临床病理特点上中存在差异。
[关键词] 结直肠癌;流行病学;种群特征
[中图分类号] R5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2019)04(b)-0024-04
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer in Hakka area. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 2 258 colorectal cancer patients who were confirmed by pathology in the Meizhou People's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The differences in clinicopathological features between patients of different genders， different disease sites and different age groups were compared. Results The median age of the 2 258 patients with colorectal cancer was 65 years old. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.73∶1. The left colon， right colon and rectal cancer accounted for 29.4%，21.6% and 49.0%， respectively. Patients staged Ⅲ/Ⅳ accounted for 50.9%， and differentiated adenocarcinoma was the main pathological type. Male patients had an older age than women (Z=-2.633， P=0.008). Male patients had a higher proportion of rectal cancer and left colon cancer than women， but female patients had a higher proportion of right colon cancer (χ2=33.959，P<0.001). Early stage right colon cancer was rarely found. Intestinal polyps and obstruction were more common in elderly male colon cancer patients. Conclusion In the Hakka area， the incidence of colorectal cancer tends to be aging， with more advanced stage， and more colon cancer than rectal cancer. There are differences in clinicopathological features between patients of different genders， different disease sites and different age groups.
[Key words] Colorectal neoplasms; Epidemiology; Population characteristics
國外研究显示结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率均有下降趋势，但在我国结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率仍保持上升趋势[1-2]。中国结直肠癌发病率、死亡率在全部恶性肿瘤中均位居第5位，其中新发病例37.6万，死亡病例19.1万，多数患者诊断时已属于中晚期，严重影响我国人民群众的生活健康[3]。不同地域、族群的结直肠癌发病特点有所差异，但作为具有独特方言及地域特点的梅州客家地区，客家人的结直肠癌临床病理特点却鲜有报道。该研究纳入2012年1月—2017年12月该院收治的2 258例客家籍结直肠癌患者，分析其发病及临床病理特点，并比较不同性别、不同发病部位和不同年龄阶段患者的临床病理特点差异，以期指导临床实践，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法, 百拇医药(王秋明 郭维新 杨志君 曾娟紫 黄喜文 黎佳全 陈刚)
[关键词] 结直肠癌;流行病学;种群特征
[中图分类号] R5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2019)04(b)-0024-04
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer in Hakka area. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 2 258 colorectal cancer patients who were confirmed by pathology in the Meizhou People's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The differences in clinicopathological features between patients of different genders， different disease sites and different age groups were compared. Results The median age of the 2 258 patients with colorectal cancer was 65 years old. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.73∶1. The left colon， right colon and rectal cancer accounted for 29.4%，21.6% and 49.0%， respectively. Patients staged Ⅲ/Ⅳ accounted for 50.9%， and differentiated adenocarcinoma was the main pathological type. Male patients had an older age than women (Z=-2.633， P=0.008). Male patients had a higher proportion of rectal cancer and left colon cancer than women， but female patients had a higher proportion of right colon cancer (χ2=33.959，P<0.001). Early stage right colon cancer was rarely found. Intestinal polyps and obstruction were more common in elderly male colon cancer patients. Conclusion In the Hakka area， the incidence of colorectal cancer tends to be aging， with more advanced stage， and more colon cancer than rectal cancer. There are differences in clinicopathological features between patients of different genders， different disease sites and different age groups.
[Key words] Colorectal neoplasms; Epidemiology; Population characteristics
國外研究显示结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率均有下降趋势，但在我国结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率仍保持上升趋势[1-2]。中国结直肠癌发病率、死亡率在全部恶性肿瘤中均位居第5位，其中新发病例37.6万，死亡病例19.1万，多数患者诊断时已属于中晚期，严重影响我国人民群众的生活健康[3]。不同地域、族群的结直肠癌发病特点有所差异，但作为具有独特方言及地域特点的梅州客家地区，客家人的结直肠癌临床病理特点却鲜有报道。该研究纳入2012年1月—2017年12月该院收治的2 258例客家籍结直肠癌患者，分析其发病及临床病理特点，并比较不同性别、不同发病部位和不同年龄阶段患者的临床病理特点差异，以期指导临床实践，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法, 百拇医药(王秋明 郭维新 杨志君 曾娟紫 黄喜文 黎佳全 陈刚)