电话随访式健康教育在维持性血液透析患者中应用效果分析(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨电话随访式健康教育在维持性血液透析(MHD)患者中的应用效果。方法 方便选择该院血透室于2016年1月—2017年12月期间收治的90例MHD患者为研究对象，根据随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组，每组45例，对照组患者予常规健康教育，观察组患者则应用电话随访式健康教育，干预时间为3个月。比较两组患者干预后自我管理能力及水分摄入依从性，同时采用SF-36量表评价患者的生活质量。 结果 干预后，观察组自我管理行为问卷评分(72.9±5.9)分、水分摄入依从率80.00%明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(t=3.231，P<0.05;χ2=4.018，P<0.05);观察组生理健康总评分和心理健康总评分明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 电话随访式健康教育应用于维持性血液透析患者可以有效提高患者的自我管理能力，提高水分摄入的依从性，从而有效的改善患者的生活质量。
[关键词] 维持性血液透析;健康教育;电话随访;生活质量;自我管理能力
[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2020)08(c)-0148-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of telephone follow-up health education in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods Ninety patients with MHD admitted to the hemodialysis room of the hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were convenient selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method， they were divided into observation group and control group， 45 cases in each group， respectively adopted routine health education， followed by telephone follow-up health education for patients in the observation group， the intervention time was 3 months. The self-management ability and water intake compliance of the two groups of patients after intervention were compared， and the SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the quality of life of the patients. Results After the intervention， the self-management behavior questionnaire score of the observation group (72.9±5.9)points and the water intake compliance rate of 80.00% were significantly higher than those of the control group. The difference was statistically significant(t=3.231， P<0.05; χ2=4.018， P<0.05); The total score of physical health and total mental health of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of telephone follow-up health education to maintenance hemodialysis patients can effectively improve the patient's self-management ability， improve the compliance of water intake， and effectively improve the quality of life of patients.
[Key words] Maintenance hemodialysis; Health education; Telephone follow-up; Quality of life; Self-management ability
近年來，我国慢性肾脏病及终末期肾脏病的发病率不断升高，接受维持性血液透析(MHD)治疗的患者数量也越来越多[1-2]。终末期肾脏病患者多需长期甚至终生MHD治疗，常常存在多种慢性并发症，加之经济等多种因素的影响，患者多存在焦虑、抑郁心理，导致患者治疗依从性降低、生活质量下降[3]。因此，健康教育在MHD患者的治疗中具有至关重要的作用。电话随访是加强医患互动的一项重要方法，有利于将护理服务延伸到院外即社区和家庭中;同时，电话随访还可以及时解决患者存在的问题并及时作出反馈，目前在心脑血管、肿瘤等慢性疾病的治疗、管理中获得了广泛的应用[4-5]。该研究方便选取该院于2016年1月—2017年12月间收治的90例患者为研究对象，旨在探讨电话随访式健康教育在维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果，现报道如下。, http://www.100md.com(谢俊琴 贺安勇)
[关键词] 维持性血液透析;健康教育;电话随访;生活质量;自我管理能力
[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2020)08(c)-0148-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of telephone follow-up health education in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods Ninety patients with MHD admitted to the hemodialysis room of the hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were convenient selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method， they were divided into observation group and control group， 45 cases in each group， respectively adopted routine health education， followed by telephone follow-up health education for patients in the observation group， the intervention time was 3 months. The self-management ability and water intake compliance of the two groups of patients after intervention were compared， and the SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the quality of life of the patients. Results After the intervention， the self-management behavior questionnaire score of the observation group (72.9±5.9)points and the water intake compliance rate of 80.00% were significantly higher than those of the control group. The difference was statistically significant(t=3.231， P<0.05; χ2=4.018， P<0.05); The total score of physical health and total mental health of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of telephone follow-up health education to maintenance hemodialysis patients can effectively improve the patient's self-management ability， improve the compliance of water intake， and effectively improve the quality of life of patients.
[Key words] Maintenance hemodialysis; Health education; Telephone follow-up; Quality of life; Self-management ability
近年來，我国慢性肾脏病及终末期肾脏病的发病率不断升高，接受维持性血液透析(MHD)治疗的患者数量也越来越多[1-2]。终末期肾脏病患者多需长期甚至终生MHD治疗，常常存在多种慢性并发症，加之经济等多种因素的影响，患者多存在焦虑、抑郁心理，导致患者治疗依从性降低、生活质量下降[3]。因此，健康教育在MHD患者的治疗中具有至关重要的作用。电话随访是加强医患互动的一项重要方法，有利于将护理服务延伸到院外即社区和家庭中;同时，电话随访还可以及时解决患者存在的问题并及时作出反馈，目前在心脑血管、肿瘤等慢性疾病的治疗、管理中获得了广泛的应用[4-5]。该研究方便选取该院于2016年1月—2017年12月间收治的90例患者为研究对象，旨在探讨电话随访式健康教育在维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果，现报道如下。, http://www.100md.com(谢俊琴 贺安勇)