钻井工人生产性噪声与心电图异常关系研究(1)
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[摘要] 目的 探讨钻井行业噪声与钻井作业工人心电图异常的关系。 方法 2010年对钻井公司作业环境进行噪声监测，对噪声组897名钻井工人和对照组904名后勤工人的心电图检查结果进行分析。 结果 噪声组的心电图异常率为18.28%，明显高于对照组的12.50%；经χ2趋势检验，随着工龄和累积噪声暴露量(CNE)的增加，钻井工人心电图异常率有增加的趋势，均P < 0.01。 结论 累积噪声暴露量可能是钻井工人心电图异常的危险因素。
[关键词] 钻井工人；生产性噪声；累积噪声暴露量；心电图
[中图分类号] R135.8 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2012)02(c)-0008-03
Study on the relationship between productive noise exposure and ECG abnormality in drilling workers
JING Qingshan1 ZANG Jing1 WANG Chunling2
1.Occupation Disease Prevention and Treatment Department, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Zhongyuan Oilfield of Henan Province, Puyang 457001, China; 2.Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Oilfield General Hospital in Puyang City of Henan Province, Puyang 457001, China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the relationship between productive noise exposure and ECG abnormality in drilling workers. Methods The noise levels in workplace of the oil drilling company were detected in 2010 systematically, meanwhile, the ECG in 897 noise-exposed workers and 904 workers without noise exposure were examined. Results The results showed that the abnormal rate of ECG in these noise-exposed workers was 18.28%, which was significantly higher than 12.50% in the control group (P < 0.01); The χ2 tend test suggested that the abnormal rate of ECG showed some rising trend along with the noise-exposed length and the cumulative noise exposure (CNE), the P < 0.01 respectively. Conclusion CNE may be a risk factor of ECG abnormality in the workers exposed to the productive noise.
[Key words] Drilling workers; Productive noise; Cumulative noise exposure; ECG
生产性噪声是石油钻井工人接触的主要职业病危害因素[1]，不仅对听觉系统有损伤，还对人体的心血管系统有一定损害。钻井作业工人作为油田主要的工作人员，其健康状况被人们所关注。截止目前国内外研究噪声与心电图异常关系的文献不少，但是样本量偏小，为了准确了解某油田钻井工人生产性噪声与心电图异常之间的关系，2010年笔者通过对作业环境噪声监测，探讨工人工龄、累积噪声暴露量(cumulative noise exposure，CNE)与心电图异常之间的关系，现报道如下：
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
以某油田钻井作业工人897名为观察对象，均为男性，年龄21~60岁，平均(40.27±9.72)岁；接触噪声的年限1~29年，平均(14.29±11.02)年。以同钻井公司的行政、技术等后勤人员男性工人904名为对照组。经检验，钻井作业工人噪声组与对照组在年龄、工龄构成上差异无统计学意义，具有可比性。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 心电图和血压检查 采用美国GE公司生产的MAC-1200全自动心电图仪 ......
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