人工全髋关节置换术在强直性脊柱炎中的应用
[摘要] 目的 探讨强直性脊柱炎全髋置换术的手术特点,评价其术后疗效。 方法 14例强直性脊柱炎患者行人工全髋置换术,其中全髋单髋置换4例,全髋双髋置换10例。 结果 随访时间2~10年,平均5.25年。Harris评分由术前的平均26.33分(12~46分)提高到随访时的平均82.96分(74~96分),髋关节术前总活动度由术前的100.04°(0°~172°)改善为术后的185.38°(186°~247°)。14例术后均可生活自理。 结论 全髋置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎可获得满意疗效,选择合理的手术策略及合适的假体对手术效果尤为关键。
[关键词] 强直性脊柱炎;人工全髋关节置换术;骨科;应用
[中图分类号] R593.23 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2012)07(c)-0038-03
The application of artificial total hip replacement in ankylosing spondylitis
, 百拇医药
MA Xianghui WANG Li GUO Lei
Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Qinyuan County in Shanxi Province, Qinyuan 046500, China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the surgery characteristics of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to evaluate the postoperative curative effect. Methods Forteen patients with AS were were given THA, in which 4 patients were given unilateral total hip arthroplasty, 10 patients were given bilateral total hip arthroplasty. Results The follow-up time were 2 to 10 years with the mean of 5.25 years. Harris Scores increased to 82.96 scores(74-96 scores)from the mean of 26.33 scores before the surgery(12-46 scores). Hip total mobility improved of 185.38°(186°-247°) after the surgery from the mean of 100.04°(0°-172°) before the surgery. Forteen patients all could take care of themselves after operation. Conclusion Total hip replacement therapy of ankylosing spondylitis can be obtained satisfactory curative effect, chosing reasonable operation strategy and suitable prosthesis are keys to the operation effect.
, http://www.100md.com
[Key words] Ankylosing spondylitis; Artificial total hip replacement; Orthopaedics; Application
强直性脊柱炎是脊椎的慢性进行性炎症,也可累及内脏及其他组织,而髋关节是最常受累的大关节,严重者出现髋关节畸形,非功能位强直,严重影响患者生活质量。全髋关节置换术是提高患者生活质量的有效治疗方法之一。笔者从1993年1月~2012年3月对16例强直性脊柱炎患者行全髋置换术,其中2例失访。其余14例随访2~10年,平均5.25年,总结分析,现报道如下:
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
本组14例(24髋)男13例,女1例,年龄22~72岁,平均42.5 岁;患髋双侧10例,左侧3例,右侧1例,其中2例(4髋)出现髋关节骨性强直。所有患者入院时都有不同程度的髋关节疼痛及髋关节活动障碍。其中3例患者合并双膝关节疼痛及活动障碍。术前髋关节总活动度0°~172°,平均100.04°。Haris评分平均为26.33分(12分~46分)。假体采用骨水泥髋臼杯10髋,其中生物柄金属头9髋,水泥柄1髋;生物髋臼杯14髋,其中生物柄金属头11髋,生物柄陶瓷头3髋。
, 百拇医药
1.2 治疗方法
手术切口取后外侧13例,前外侧1例。后外侧入路以大转子为中心,起自髂后上棘正下方约6 cm处,顺臀大肌纤维方向的大转子后缘方向转向下,远端沿股骨干纵轴延伸约5 cm,切开阔筋膜与臀大肌间隙,显露大转子与臀中肌,将臀中肌向前侧和近侧牵开,内旋股骨,显露梨状肌等外旋肌群,尽可能靠近止点切断梨状肌等外旋肌,显露并切开后关节囊,彻底切除关节囊组织并切除股骨头颈部。前外侧入路切口起自髂嵴中点,经髂前上棘向下沿股骨干纵轴延伸约10 cm,外旋下肢,牵开缝匠肌,暴露阔筋膜张肌与缝匠肌间隙,向内侧牵开股外侧皮神经,自阔筋膜张肌与缝匠肌间隙劈开阔筋膜,切开阔筋膜张肌髂骨止点并分离,暴露股直肌及其间隙,自髂前下棘、髋臼上部及髋关节游离股直肌和髂腰肌,暴露关节囊,T型切开关节囊,彻底切除关节囊组织并切除股骨头颈部。均采用气管插管全麻。双髋置换一次完成1例,其他9例双髋均分两次完成,间隔时间1个月~1年,平均2.75个月。术日前1 d及术后5~7 d预防性应用抗生素,术后常规放置负压引流24~48 h,引流液少于100 mL/24 h后拔除引流管,术后12 h开始皮下注射低分子肝素钙4 100 IU/次,1次/d,防止下肢深静脉血栓形成,共注射7 d。术后双下肢保持外展30°~40°中立位,术后第2天开始行股四头肌等长收缩训练,鼓励主动髋关节功能练习,术后早期扶双拐下地行走,骨质疏松患者术后抗骨质疏松治疗,3个月内不负重。, 百拇医药(马向辉 王丽 郭磊)
[关键词] 强直性脊柱炎;人工全髋关节置换术;骨科;应用
[中图分类号] R593.23 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2012)07(c)-0038-03
The application of artificial total hip replacement in ankylosing spondylitis
, 百拇医药
MA Xianghui WANG Li GUO Lei
Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Qinyuan County in Shanxi Province, Qinyuan 046500, China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the surgery characteristics of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to evaluate the postoperative curative effect. Methods Forteen patients with AS were were given THA, in which 4 patients were given unilateral total hip arthroplasty, 10 patients were given bilateral total hip arthroplasty. Results The follow-up time were 2 to 10 years with the mean of 5.25 years. Harris Scores increased to 82.96 scores(74-96 scores)from the mean of 26.33 scores before the surgery(12-46 scores). Hip total mobility improved of 185.38°(186°-247°) after the surgery from the mean of 100.04°(0°-172°) before the surgery. Forteen patients all could take care of themselves after operation. Conclusion Total hip replacement therapy of ankylosing spondylitis can be obtained satisfactory curative effect, chosing reasonable operation strategy and suitable prosthesis are keys to the operation effect.
, http://www.100md.com
[Key words] Ankylosing spondylitis; Artificial total hip replacement; Orthopaedics; Application
强直性脊柱炎是脊椎的慢性进行性炎症,也可累及内脏及其他组织,而髋关节是最常受累的大关节,严重者出现髋关节畸形,非功能位强直,严重影响患者生活质量。全髋关节置换术是提高患者生活质量的有效治疗方法之一。笔者从1993年1月~2012年3月对16例强直性脊柱炎患者行全髋置换术,其中2例失访。其余14例随访2~10年,平均5.25年,总结分析,现报道如下:
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
本组14例(24髋)男13例,女1例,年龄22~72岁,平均42.5 岁;患髋双侧10例,左侧3例,右侧1例,其中2例(4髋)出现髋关节骨性强直。所有患者入院时都有不同程度的髋关节疼痛及髋关节活动障碍。其中3例患者合并双膝关节疼痛及活动障碍。术前髋关节总活动度0°~172°,平均100.04°。Haris评分平均为26.33分(12分~46分)。假体采用骨水泥髋臼杯10髋,其中生物柄金属头9髋,水泥柄1髋;生物髋臼杯14髋,其中生物柄金属头11髋,生物柄陶瓷头3髋。
, 百拇医药
1.2 治疗方法
手术切口取后外侧13例,前外侧1例。后外侧入路以大转子为中心,起自髂后上棘正下方约6 cm处,顺臀大肌纤维方向的大转子后缘方向转向下,远端沿股骨干纵轴延伸约5 cm,切开阔筋膜与臀大肌间隙,显露大转子与臀中肌,将臀中肌向前侧和近侧牵开,内旋股骨,显露梨状肌等外旋肌群,尽可能靠近止点切断梨状肌等外旋肌,显露并切开后关节囊,彻底切除关节囊组织并切除股骨头颈部。前外侧入路切口起自髂嵴中点,经髂前上棘向下沿股骨干纵轴延伸约10 cm,外旋下肢,牵开缝匠肌,暴露阔筋膜张肌与缝匠肌间隙,向内侧牵开股外侧皮神经,自阔筋膜张肌与缝匠肌间隙劈开阔筋膜,切开阔筋膜张肌髂骨止点并分离,暴露股直肌及其间隙,自髂前下棘、髋臼上部及髋关节游离股直肌和髂腰肌,暴露关节囊,T型切开关节囊,彻底切除关节囊组织并切除股骨头颈部。均采用气管插管全麻。双髋置换一次完成1例,其他9例双髋均分两次完成,间隔时间1个月~1年,平均2.75个月。术日前1 d及术后5~7 d预防性应用抗生素,术后常规放置负压引流24~48 h,引流液少于100 mL/24 h后拔除引流管,术后12 h开始皮下注射低分子肝素钙4 100 IU/次,1次/d,防止下肢深静脉血栓形成,共注射7 d。术后双下肢保持外展30°~40°中立位,术后第2天开始行股四头肌等长收缩训练,鼓励主动髋关节功能练习,术后早期扶双拐下地行走,骨质疏松患者术后抗骨质疏松治疗,3个月内不负重。, 百拇医药(马向辉 王丽 郭磊)