微柱凝胶卡式法在临床安全输血中的应用价值(1)
[摘要] 目的 观察微柱凝胶卡式法在临床安全输血中的应用价值。 方法 收集送检的2013年2月～2014年2月有妊娠史、输血史需接受输血治疗的500例患者作为研究对象，于输血前采用微柱凝胶卡式法进行抗体筛查，并与抗人球蛋白反应结果进行比较。 结果 500例患者中，抗体检测阳性8例，阳性率为1.6%，其中自身抗体阳性2例(25.0%)；Rh血型系统抗体阳性5例(62.5%)，其中抗-E阳性4例，抗-Ce联合抗体阳性1例；抗-Lea阳性1例(12.5%)。直接抗人球蛋白实验阳性10例，阳性率为2.00%，微柱凝胶抗人球蛋白试验和传统抗人球蛋白实验结果比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 不规则抗体筛查是保障输血安全性的重要措施，且相较传统输血方案而言，微柱凝胶卡卡式法是安全输血的最优方案，可降低溶血性输血反应发生率，提高输血的安全性，有较高的临床应用价值。
[关键词] 输血；微柱凝胶卡式法；安全；交叉配血；不规则抗体
[中图分类号] R457.1+2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)02(a)-0132-03
Application value of micro-column gel test method in clinical safe blood transfusion
LIU Fang
Blood Center of Fuxin City in Liaoning Province，Fuxin 123000，China
[Abstract] Objective To observe the application value of micro-column gel test method in clinical safe blood transfusion. Methods 500 eaaminated patients needing to receive the blood transfusion treatment having pregnancy history，history of blood transfusion from February 2013 to February 2014 were collected as the study subjects，and they were given antibody screening using micro-column gel test，and the results were compared with antiglobulin reaction results. Results Among 500 patients antibody test of 8 patients was positive，the positive rate was 1.6%， and among them there were 2 cases (25.0%) with positive auto-antibody；there were 5 cases (62.5%) with positive Rh blood group antibody，among 5 cases，anti-E test of 4 cases was positive，anti-Ce combination antibody of 1 case was positive；anti-Lea of 1 case (12.5%) was positive.Direct antiglobulin test was positive in 10 cases，the positive rate was 2.0%，and there was no statistical difference of the results of micro-column gel antihuman globulin and traditional antihuman globulin，(P>0.05). Conclusion The irregular antibody screening is an important measure to ensure the safety of blood transfusion and the micro-column gel test method is the best plan for the safety of transfusion compared with the traditional blood transfusion program.This method can reduce the incidence rate of hemolytic transfusion reaction，improve the safety of blood transfusion and has high value in clinical application.
[Key words] Blood transfusion；Micro-column gel test method；Safety；Blood cross matching；Irregular antibody
输血目前已成为临床上救治患者的重要措施[1]，而输血前对患者作血型鉴定，实施交叉配血处理是保障输血安全性的关键措施，同时也是避免发生输血不良反应的基本条件[2]。当前临床上常用的交叉配血方法包括酶法、盐水介质法与聚凝胺法等，但已有部分研究报道显示，传统交叉配血方法的操作过程较为繁琐，且耗时长，灵敏度低，可能受到诸多外界因素的干扰，输血安全性低[3]，而微柱凝胶卡式法是目前临床上兴起的输血方案之一，其避免了传统交叉配血方案存在的缺陷，具有安全性高、操作简单、快速且灵敏度高的优势，在临床输血中得到了一定的推广[4]。基于此，为进一步证实微柱凝胶卡式法在临床安全输血中的应用价值，本研究对500例接受输血治疗的患者进行了研究分析，现报告如下。 (刘芳)
[关键词] 输血；微柱凝胶卡式法；安全；交叉配血；不规则抗体
[中图分类号] R457.1+2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)02(a)-0132-03
Application value of micro-column gel test method in clinical safe blood transfusion
LIU Fang
Blood Center of Fuxin City in Liaoning Province，Fuxin 123000，China
[Abstract] Objective To observe the application value of micro-column gel test method in clinical safe blood transfusion. Methods 500 eaaminated patients needing to receive the blood transfusion treatment having pregnancy history，history of blood transfusion from February 2013 to February 2014 were collected as the study subjects，and they were given antibody screening using micro-column gel test，and the results were compared with antiglobulin reaction results. Results Among 500 patients antibody test of 8 patients was positive，the positive rate was 1.6%， and among them there were 2 cases (25.0%) with positive auto-antibody；there were 5 cases (62.5%) with positive Rh blood group antibody，among 5 cases，anti-E test of 4 cases was positive，anti-Ce combination antibody of 1 case was positive；anti-Lea of 1 case (12.5%) was positive.Direct antiglobulin test was positive in 10 cases，the positive rate was 2.0%，and there was no statistical difference of the results of micro-column gel antihuman globulin and traditional antihuman globulin，(P>0.05). Conclusion The irregular antibody screening is an important measure to ensure the safety of blood transfusion and the micro-column gel test method is the best plan for the safety of transfusion compared with the traditional blood transfusion program.This method can reduce the incidence rate of hemolytic transfusion reaction，improve the safety of blood transfusion and has high value in clinical application.
[Key words] Blood transfusion；Micro-column gel test method；Safety；Blood cross matching；Irregular antibody
输血目前已成为临床上救治患者的重要措施[1]，而输血前对患者作血型鉴定，实施交叉配血处理是保障输血安全性的关键措施，同时也是避免发生输血不良反应的基本条件[2]。当前临床上常用的交叉配血方法包括酶法、盐水介质法与聚凝胺法等，但已有部分研究报道显示，传统交叉配血方法的操作过程较为繁琐，且耗时长，灵敏度低，可能受到诸多外界因素的干扰，输血安全性低[3]，而微柱凝胶卡式法是目前临床上兴起的输血方案之一，其避免了传统交叉配血方案存在的缺陷，具有安全性高、操作简单、快速且灵敏度高的优势，在临床输血中得到了一定的推广[4]。基于此，为进一步证实微柱凝胶卡式法在临床安全输血中的应用价值，本研究对500例接受输血治疗的患者进行了研究分析，现报告如下。 (刘芳)