磁共振成像在肛瘘术前评估的临床价值(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨磁共振成像(MRI)在肛瘘术前评估的临床价值。 方法 选择本院2014年3~12月收治的89例临床疑为肛瘘的患者为研究对象,所有患者术前均接受MRI检查。 结果 MRI检查的诊断率较高;3D SPGR T1WI序列对内口及主瘘管的显示率高于其他扫描序列(AX T2WI FS除外)及术前临床专科检查(P<0.05)。3D SPGR T1WI序列对支瘘管的显示率高于其他扫描序列及术前临床专科检查比较(P<0.05)。 结论 MRI是一种较为可靠的肛瘘术前检查方法,具有较高的推广应用价值。
[关键词] 磁共振成像;肛瘘手术;术前评估;临床价值
[中图分类号] R657.1+6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)02(b)-0089-04
Clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging in the preoperative assessment of anal fistula
CHEN Zhi-jian SHAO Ji-man WAN Xiao-ling BU Jun XIAO Hui-rong
Department of Radiology,Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330006,China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative assessment of the anal fistula. Methods 89 suspected patients with anal fistula in the clinic were selected as the study objects,and they were given MRI examination before operation. Results The diagnostic rate of MRI examination was higher;the display rate of internal opening and main fistula of 3D SPGR T1WI sequence was higher than that of other sanning sequence (except for AX T2WI FS),and the clinical specialized examination before operation (P<0.05).The display rate of Branches of the fistula 3D SPGR T1WI sequence was higher than that of other sanning sequence,and the clinical specialized examination before operation (P<0.05). Conclusion MRI is a more reliable examination method for anal fistula before operation,and has higher promotion and application value.
[Key words] Magnetic resonance imaging;Anal fistula opoeration;Preoperative evaluation;Clinical value
肛瘘又称肛管直肠瘘,是肛管与肛门周围皮肤或直肠与肛门周围皮肤之间的慢性感染性通道,大多数是肛周脓肿破溃或切开引流后形成的瘘管[1-2],主要累及肛管,内口多位于齿状线附近,外口位于肛周皮肤处,少数涉及直肠,故称为肛瘘[3]。据文献统计,人群每年患病率约为0.01%[4-5],在我国肛瘘发病率约占肛门直肠疾病总发病率的25%[6]。对肛瘘支管、脓肿以及内口情况进行恰当处理是肛瘘手术治疗的关键,然而,术前准确判断肛门括约肌、肛提肌与肛瘘内口及瘘管走向的复杂关系难度较大。磁共振成像(MRI)是肛瘘术前检查的主要手段,国外文献报道证实,MRI术前检查结果与术中情况符合率较高,且MRI检查对瘘管与肛门括约肌及肛提肌之间的解剖关系也能够进行准确评估,为外科手术治疗提供可靠的术前影像学依据[7-8],从而减少肛瘘手术副作用和降低术后复发率。本研究针对MRI在肛瘘术前评估的临床价值进行分析,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择本院2014年3~12月收治的89例肛瘘手术患者为研究对象,男性63例,女性26例,年龄18~65岁,平均(34.4±6.5)岁,病程在1个月~12年,平均(6.3±2.4)年。其中,有既往手术史者32例,无既往手术史者57例,手术次数为0~6次,平均(2.3±1.2)次。87例患者术中共发现内口及主瘘管102个,支瘘管126个。根据英格兰利兹圣詹姆斯医院分型方法,87例患者中,1级肛瘘12例,2级肛瘘11例,3级肛瘘9例,4级肛瘘37例,5级肛瘘18例。
1.2 方法
检查设备:GE Signa HDe 1.5 T MR和GE Discovery MR 750 3.0T超导型磁共振扫描仪扫描,采用8通道相控阵列线圈,一般先通过躯体中线进行矢状 T2WI成像,以判断肛管结构的相对位置,扫描层面分别头尾相垂直和平行于肛管的长轴,分别再行横截位及冠状位扫描,参数和序列设置:矢状位T2WI (脂肪抑制):TE 90~110 ms,TR 6700 ms;横断位T2WI(脂肪抑制):TE 90~100 ms, TR 5600 ms;冠状位T2WI(脂肪抑制):TE 90~110 ms,TR 5500 ms;动态增强(3D SPGR T1WI):TE 2.2 ms,TR 3.6~4.7 ms,翻转角(FA)12°;层厚4 mm(层间距0.5 mm)。检查前无需特殊肠道准备,无需放置任何标记物。患者取仰卧位,头先进,磁场中心定位于耻骨联合。所有扫描序列扫描视野(FOV)22~28 cm,因人而异,根据患者的身高、体重等选择适合的大小,从而减小噪声,得到合适的信噪比,本研究选择的 FOV大体范围是图像大小,包括肛提肌之上 6 cm且包含整个直肠后间隙,还应包括整个会阴。 (陈志坚等)
[关键词] 磁共振成像;肛瘘手术;术前评估;临床价值
[中图分类号] R657.1+6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)02(b)-0089-04
Clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging in the preoperative assessment of anal fistula
CHEN Zhi-jian SHAO Ji-man WAN Xiao-ling BU Jun XIAO Hui-rong
Department of Radiology,Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330006,China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative assessment of the anal fistula. Methods 89 suspected patients with anal fistula in the clinic were selected as the study objects,and they were given MRI examination before operation. Results The diagnostic rate of MRI examination was higher;the display rate of internal opening and main fistula of 3D SPGR T1WI sequence was higher than that of other sanning sequence (except for AX T2WI FS),and the clinical specialized examination before operation (P<0.05).The display rate of Branches of the fistula 3D SPGR T1WI sequence was higher than that of other sanning sequence,and the clinical specialized examination before operation (P<0.05). Conclusion MRI is a more reliable examination method for anal fistula before operation,and has higher promotion and application value.
[Key words] Magnetic resonance imaging;Anal fistula opoeration;Preoperative evaluation;Clinical value
肛瘘又称肛管直肠瘘,是肛管与肛门周围皮肤或直肠与肛门周围皮肤之间的慢性感染性通道,大多数是肛周脓肿破溃或切开引流后形成的瘘管[1-2],主要累及肛管,内口多位于齿状线附近,外口位于肛周皮肤处,少数涉及直肠,故称为肛瘘[3]。据文献统计,人群每年患病率约为0.01%[4-5],在我国肛瘘发病率约占肛门直肠疾病总发病率的25%[6]。对肛瘘支管、脓肿以及内口情况进行恰当处理是肛瘘手术治疗的关键,然而,术前准确判断肛门括约肌、肛提肌与肛瘘内口及瘘管走向的复杂关系难度较大。磁共振成像(MRI)是肛瘘术前检查的主要手段,国外文献报道证实,MRI术前检查结果与术中情况符合率较高,且MRI检查对瘘管与肛门括约肌及肛提肌之间的解剖关系也能够进行准确评估,为外科手术治疗提供可靠的术前影像学依据[7-8],从而减少肛瘘手术副作用和降低术后复发率。本研究针对MRI在肛瘘术前评估的临床价值进行分析,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择本院2014年3~12月收治的89例肛瘘手术患者为研究对象,男性63例,女性26例,年龄18~65岁,平均(34.4±6.5)岁,病程在1个月~12年,平均(6.3±2.4)年。其中,有既往手术史者32例,无既往手术史者57例,手术次数为0~6次,平均(2.3±1.2)次。87例患者术中共发现内口及主瘘管102个,支瘘管126个。根据英格兰利兹圣詹姆斯医院分型方法,87例患者中,1级肛瘘12例,2级肛瘘11例,3级肛瘘9例,4级肛瘘37例,5级肛瘘18例。
1.2 方法
检查设备:GE Signa HDe 1.5 T MR和GE Discovery MR 750 3.0T超导型磁共振扫描仪扫描,采用8通道相控阵列线圈,一般先通过躯体中线进行矢状 T2WI成像,以判断肛管结构的相对位置,扫描层面分别头尾相垂直和平行于肛管的长轴,分别再行横截位及冠状位扫描,参数和序列设置:矢状位T2WI (脂肪抑制):TE 90~110 ms,TR 6700 ms;横断位T2WI(脂肪抑制):TE 90~100 ms, TR 5600 ms;冠状位T2WI(脂肪抑制):TE 90~110 ms,TR 5500 ms;动态增强(3D SPGR T1WI):TE 2.2 ms,TR 3.6~4.7 ms,翻转角(FA)12°;层厚4 mm(层间距0.5 mm)。检查前无需特殊肠道准备,无需放置任何标记物。患者取仰卧位,头先进,磁场中心定位于耻骨联合。所有扫描序列扫描视野(FOV)22~28 cm,因人而异,根据患者的身高、体重等选择适合的大小,从而减小噪声,得到合适的信噪比,本研究选择的 FOV大体范围是图像大小,包括肛提肌之上 6 cm且包含整个直肠后间隙,还应包括整个会阴。 (陈志坚等)