老年脑卒中患者跌倒相关因素分析及护理对策(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨老年脑卒中患者跌倒的相关因素及护理对策。 方法 选取本院2013年1月～2014年1月神经内科收治的75例脑卒中患者作为研究对象，随机为观察组(45例)和对照组(30例)。对照组仅进行神经内科常规健康教育，观察组在对照组的基础上进行跌倒评估，并采取防跌倒知识宣教。比较两组的跌倒发生率。 结果 年龄≥80岁者发生跌倒的危险性最高，21：00～8：00为跌倒事件高发时间段，跌倒的地点多发生在床边，患者体力不支等是发生跌倒的主要因素。观察组的跌倒发生率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 通过全面动态评估脑卒中的危险因素，采取有效的护理干预策略，可减少脑卒中患者跌倒的发生，值得临床推广使用。
[关键词] 脑卒中；跌倒相关因素；护理对策
[中图分类号] R743.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)02(b)-0194-03
, 百拇医药 Analysis of the related factors for falling-down in elderly patients with stroke and nursing countermeasures
HUANG Yu-juan
Department of Outpatient，Affiliated Xingtan Hospital of the First People′s Hospital of Shunde District of Foshan City in Guangdong Province，Foshan 528325，China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the related factors for falling-down in elderly patients with stroke and nursing countermeasures. Method 75 elderly patients with stroke from January 2013 to January 2014 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the observation group(45 cases) and the control group(30 case).The control group was given the neurology conventional edueation，the observation group was given fall risk assessment and knowledge education of falls prevention.The incidence of falls in two groups was compared. Results Fall frequency of 80 years old patients was highest.The time in 21：00-8：00 was high incidence time in accidental falls.Location of fall occurred mostly at the bedside.Physical weaknesse was the main factor of falls.The incidence of falls in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group，with significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive and dynamic evaluation of risk factors for stroke，effective intervention countermeasures can reduce the fall incidence of stroke patients，it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
, 百拇医药
[Key words] Stroke；Fall related factors；Nursing countermeasures
跌倒是指患者的身体失去正常位置不自主跌倒在地上，随着年龄递增而增加[1]。患者跌倒是医院内最常见的意外事件[2-3]。本研究选取本院的75例老年脑卒中患者作为研究对象，旨在探讨老年脑卒中患者意外跌倒的风险因素，分析并制订有效的护理对策。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取本院神经内科2013年1月～2014年1月收治的75例脑卒中患者作为研究对象，随机分为观察组(45例)和对照组(30例)。观察组中，男25例，女20例；平均年龄75.6岁；脑梗塞29例，脑出血16例；文盲9例，小学及初中25例，高中及以上11例。对照组中，男18例，女12例；平均年龄73.6岁；脑梗塞18例，脑出血12例；文盲7例，小学及初中18例，高中及以上5例。所有患者均符合全国第四次脑血管病会议通过的脑卒中诊断标准，经头颅CT或MRI确诊。两组的性别、年龄、文化程度及病变性质等一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。
1.2 方法
对照组仅进行神经内科常规健康教育，包括常规的药物使用指导和临床护理，指导其注意平时活动的安全性及必要的生活指导。观察组在对照组的基础上进行跌倒评估，同时采取防跌倒知识宣教，患者入院2 h内由责任护士根据“住院跌倒危险风险评估、监控表”对患者进行全面评估，评分≥4分者属于跌倒高危患者，需采取预防跌倒的护理措施。, 百拇医药(黄玉娟)
[关键词] 脑卒中；跌倒相关因素；护理对策
[中图分类号] R743.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)02(b)-0194-03
, 百拇医药 Analysis of the related factors for falling-down in elderly patients with stroke and nursing countermeasures
HUANG Yu-juan
Department of Outpatient，Affiliated Xingtan Hospital of the First People′s Hospital of Shunde District of Foshan City in Guangdong Province，Foshan 528325，China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the related factors for falling-down in elderly patients with stroke and nursing countermeasures. Method 75 elderly patients with stroke from January 2013 to January 2014 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the observation group(45 cases) and the control group(30 case).The control group was given the neurology conventional edueation，the observation group was given fall risk assessment and knowledge education of falls prevention.The incidence of falls in two groups was compared. Results Fall frequency of 80 years old patients was highest.The time in 21：00-8：00 was high incidence time in accidental falls.Location of fall occurred mostly at the bedside.Physical weaknesse was the main factor of falls.The incidence of falls in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group，with significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive and dynamic evaluation of risk factors for stroke，effective intervention countermeasures can reduce the fall incidence of stroke patients，it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
, 百拇医药
[Key words] Stroke；Fall related factors；Nursing countermeasures
跌倒是指患者的身体失去正常位置不自主跌倒在地上，随着年龄递增而增加[1]。患者跌倒是医院内最常见的意外事件[2-3]。本研究选取本院的75例老年脑卒中患者作为研究对象，旨在探讨老年脑卒中患者意外跌倒的风险因素，分析并制订有效的护理对策。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取本院神经内科2013年1月～2014年1月收治的75例脑卒中患者作为研究对象，随机分为观察组(45例)和对照组(30例)。观察组中，男25例，女20例；平均年龄75.6岁；脑梗塞29例，脑出血16例；文盲9例，小学及初中25例，高中及以上11例。对照组中，男18例，女12例；平均年龄73.6岁；脑梗塞18例，脑出血12例；文盲7例，小学及初中18例，高中及以上5例。所有患者均符合全国第四次脑血管病会议通过的脑卒中诊断标准，经头颅CT或MRI确诊。两组的性别、年龄、文化程度及病变性质等一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。
1.2 方法
对照组仅进行神经内科常规健康教育，包括常规的药物使用指导和临床护理，指导其注意平时活动的安全性及必要的生活指导。观察组在对照组的基础上进行跌倒评估，同时采取防跌倒知识宣教，患者入院2 h内由责任护士根据“住院跌倒危险风险评估、监控表”对患者进行全面评估，评分≥4分者属于跌倒高危患者，需采取预防跌倒的护理措施。, 百拇医药(黄玉娟)