新生儿听力筛查在新生儿听力疾病诊断中的临床意义(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨新生儿快速脑干诱发电位听力筛查结果分析及临床意义。 方法 收集2014年1月～2015年1月本院3000例听力筛查新生儿临床资料进行分析。应用快速脑干诱发电位听力筛查仪对3000例新生儿做快速、无创的脑干听觉诱发电位检测，了解新生儿听力障碍的发病情况。 结果 本院活产新生儿为3000人，初筛未通过472人，初筛阳性率为15.7%(472/3000)，出生后42 d，464例复筛，442例通过，复筛通过率为95.3%，未通过22例，未通过率为4.7%。20例转到本市听力筛查中心，最终确诊为听力障碍(双耳感音性耳聋)7例，系中度听力损失，给予干预治疗，占筛查总数的0.23%，8例随访至1岁，3例于4月时、4例于6月时经听性脑干反应检查均正常。不同分娩方式、胎龄、出生体重等指标与听力损伤密切相关。 结论 通过脑干诱发电位听力筛查，新生儿听力损失可早发现，早干预，有效促进婴儿语言发育。
[关键词] 新生儿；脑干诱发电位；听力；筛查
[中图分类号] R764.43 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)05(b)-0094-03
Clinical significance of neonatal hearing screening in the diagnosis of hearing diseases
HUANG Zuan-di LING Qin-yin ZHOU Yi
Department of Ear-Nose-Throat，People′s Hospital in Qingyuan City of Guangdong Province，Qingyuan 511518，China
[Abstract] Objective To explore result analysis and clinical significance of neonatal rapid auditory brainstem evoked potential response in hearing screening. Methods 3000 neonatal clinical data for hearing screening were collected and analyzed in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2015.Rapid and noninvasive auditory brainstem evoked potential response detection was used in 3000 neonates by hearing screening instrument of auditory brainstem evoked potential response in order to get known the morbidity of neonatal hearing disorder. Results Among these live neonates，472 babies were failed in preliminary screening，and positive rate was 15.7%(472/3000).Forty-two days after birth，464 out of 472 babies were screened again，and 442 neonates were passed.The passing rate in secondary screening was 95.3%. The rest were failed accounting for 4.7%.There were 20 cases transferred to hearing screening center in our city and they were finally diagnosed as hearing disorders and provided with intervention treatment. Seven cases diagnosed as binaural sensory deafness were classified into moderate hearing loss，and took 0.23% among all participants.The auditory brainstem response examinations were all normal in 4 months old in 3 cases， 6 months old in 4 cases，and one year old by follow up in 8 cases.Indexes of different delivery mode，gestational age，and birth weight were closely related with hearing damage. Conclusion By auditory brainstem evoked potential response for hearing screening，neonatal hearing loss can be detected and intervened at an early stage， which effectively promotes infant′s language development.
[Key words] Neonate；Brainstem evoked potential；Hearing；Screening
听力障碍是常见的出生缺陷，在我国属5项残疾之首，本省新生儿听力障碍的发生率为1.02‰左右[1]。新生儿听力筛查可早发现、早干预听力障碍儿童，对婴幼儿的言语发育等起至关重要的作用，分析新生儿先天听力障碍发生的相关因素，相应采取预防措施，减少新生儿先天听力障碍发病[2]。听觉脑干诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potentials，BAEP)通过对发射纯音描记耳蜗、听神经以及中枢系统对纯音刺激反应的测定方法，具有客观性强、检测结果稳定等优点。现将本院新生儿快速脑干诱发电位听力筛查资料进行分析。 (黄钻娣 凌琴音 周轶)
[关键词] 新生儿；脑干诱发电位；听力；筛查
[中图分类号] R764.43 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)05(b)-0094-03
Clinical significance of neonatal hearing screening in the diagnosis of hearing diseases
HUANG Zuan-di LING Qin-yin ZHOU Yi
Department of Ear-Nose-Throat，People′s Hospital in Qingyuan City of Guangdong Province，Qingyuan 511518，China
[Abstract] Objective To explore result analysis and clinical significance of neonatal rapid auditory brainstem evoked potential response in hearing screening. Methods 3000 neonatal clinical data for hearing screening were collected and analyzed in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2015.Rapid and noninvasive auditory brainstem evoked potential response detection was used in 3000 neonates by hearing screening instrument of auditory brainstem evoked potential response in order to get known the morbidity of neonatal hearing disorder. Results Among these live neonates，472 babies were failed in preliminary screening，and positive rate was 15.7%(472/3000).Forty-two days after birth，464 out of 472 babies were screened again，and 442 neonates were passed.The passing rate in secondary screening was 95.3%. The rest were failed accounting for 4.7%.There were 20 cases transferred to hearing screening center in our city and they were finally diagnosed as hearing disorders and provided with intervention treatment. Seven cases diagnosed as binaural sensory deafness were classified into moderate hearing loss，and took 0.23% among all participants.The auditory brainstem response examinations were all normal in 4 months old in 3 cases， 6 months old in 4 cases，and one year old by follow up in 8 cases.Indexes of different delivery mode，gestational age，and birth weight were closely related with hearing damage. Conclusion By auditory brainstem evoked potential response for hearing screening，neonatal hearing loss can be detected and intervened at an early stage， which effectively promotes infant′s language development.
[Key words] Neonate；Brainstem evoked potential；Hearing；Screening
听力障碍是常见的出生缺陷，在我国属5项残疾之首，本省新生儿听力障碍的发生率为1.02‰左右[1]。新生儿听力筛查可早发现、早干预听力障碍儿童，对婴幼儿的言语发育等起至关重要的作用，分析新生儿先天听力障碍发生的相关因素，相应采取预防措施，减少新生儿先天听力障碍发病[2]。听觉脑干诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potentials，BAEP)通过对发射纯音描记耳蜗、听神经以及中枢系统对纯音刺激反应的测定方法，具有客观性强、检测结果稳定等优点。现将本院新生儿快速脑干诱发电位听力筛查资料进行分析。 (黄钻娣 凌琴音 周轶)