动机访谈路线图对糖尿病患者血生化指标及自我效能的影响(1)
[摘要] 目的 动机访谈路线图对糖尿病患者血生化指标及自我效能的影响。 方法 选取本院2012年3月～2013年2月收治的60例糖尿病患者作为对照组，实施传统护理方案。选取本院2013年3月～2014年2月收治的68例糖尿病患者作为研究组，在对照组的基础上开展动机访谈路线图进行护理干预。比较两组干预前后的血生化指标、自我效能总分及6个维度得分。 结果 研究组干预后的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白及BMI水平显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组干预后的各项自我效能评分显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 在糖尿病患者中应用动机访谈路线图能够改善其血生化指标及提高自我效能，可取得良好的经济效益与社会效益，值得临床推广应用。
[关键词] 糖尿病；动机访谈路线图；血生化指标；自我效能
[中图分类号] R587.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)08(b)-0188-04
Influence of motivational interviewing roadmap on the blood biochemical indexe and the self-efficacy of diabetes patients
DENG Chun-you XIE Yong-kang LI You-qiong CHEN Yu-ting ZHANG Yuan-xia
Depatment of Nursing，People′s Hospital of Boluo county of Huizhou City in Guangdong Province，Boluo 516100，China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of motivational interviewing roadmap on the blood biochemical indexe and the self-efficacy of diabetes patients. Methods 60 cases with diabetes from March 2012 to February 2013 in our hospital were selected as the control group，which was given traditional nursing.68 cases with diabetes from March 2013 to February 2014 in our hospital were selected as the research group，which was given nursing intervention of motivational interviewing roadmap on the basis of the control group.The blood biochemical index，self-efficacy score and score of six dimensions in two groups was compared. Results The level of fasting blood glucose，postprandial 2 h blood glucose，glycosylated hemoglobin and BMI in the research group after intervention was lower than that in the control group，with significant difference (P<0.05).The various self-efficacy scores of the study group after intervention was higher than that of the control group，with significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of the motivational interview route map in the patients with diabetes can improve the blood biochemical parameters and improve the self-efficacy，and can achieve good economic benefits and social benefits，it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words] Diabetes；Motivation interview roadmap；Blood biochemical index；Self-efficacy
糖尿病是以高血糖为典型特征的代谢性疾病，机体若长期处于高血糖状态，将会引起眼、肾、心脏等重要组织器官的慢性损害，严重者可能致残[1]。据文献报道[2]，随着生活节奏的加快，人们背负的心理包袱更大，再加上饮食习惯不佳、运动量锐减、睡眠质量差等原因，导致我国糖尿病的患病率呈逐年上升态势，且有年轻化趋势，因此，为该类患者提供有效的护理方案，提高患者的自我效能以促进其社会功能的回归显得至关重要。动机访谈于20世纪80年代由美国心理学家Miller提出，强调以患者为中心，通过挖掘与解决心理矛盾来激发、提高患者的自主动机，最终使其彻底改掉不良习惯的一类干预手段[3]。动机访谈路线图的核心内涵是将动机访谈的流程与方法具体化、规范化，激发受访者自身的改变潜能，进而增加其改变的动机与意愿。本研究旨在比较、分析开展动机访谈路线图与实行常规护理方案对糖尿病患者血生化指标及自我效能的影响。 (邓春友 谢永康 利友琼 陈玉婷 张远霞)
[关键词] 糖尿病；动机访谈路线图；血生化指标；自我效能
[中图分类号] R587.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)08(b)-0188-04
Influence of motivational interviewing roadmap on the blood biochemical indexe and the self-efficacy of diabetes patients
DENG Chun-you XIE Yong-kang LI You-qiong CHEN Yu-ting ZHANG Yuan-xia
Depatment of Nursing，People′s Hospital of Boluo county of Huizhou City in Guangdong Province，Boluo 516100，China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of motivational interviewing roadmap on the blood biochemical indexe and the self-efficacy of diabetes patients. Methods 60 cases with diabetes from March 2012 to February 2013 in our hospital were selected as the control group，which was given traditional nursing.68 cases with diabetes from March 2013 to February 2014 in our hospital were selected as the research group，which was given nursing intervention of motivational interviewing roadmap on the basis of the control group.The blood biochemical index，self-efficacy score and score of six dimensions in two groups was compared. Results The level of fasting blood glucose，postprandial 2 h blood glucose，glycosylated hemoglobin and BMI in the research group after intervention was lower than that in the control group，with significant difference (P<0.05).The various self-efficacy scores of the study group after intervention was higher than that of the control group，with significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of the motivational interview route map in the patients with diabetes can improve the blood biochemical parameters and improve the self-efficacy，and can achieve good economic benefits and social benefits，it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words] Diabetes；Motivation interview roadmap；Blood biochemical index；Self-efficacy
糖尿病是以高血糖为典型特征的代谢性疾病，机体若长期处于高血糖状态，将会引起眼、肾、心脏等重要组织器官的慢性损害，严重者可能致残[1]。据文献报道[2]，随着生活节奏的加快，人们背负的心理包袱更大，再加上饮食习惯不佳、运动量锐减、睡眠质量差等原因，导致我国糖尿病的患病率呈逐年上升态势，且有年轻化趋势，因此，为该类患者提供有效的护理方案，提高患者的自我效能以促进其社会功能的回归显得至关重要。动机访谈于20世纪80年代由美国心理学家Miller提出，强调以患者为中心，通过挖掘与解决心理矛盾来激发、提高患者的自主动机，最终使其彻底改掉不良习惯的一类干预手段[3]。动机访谈路线图的核心内涵是将动机访谈的流程与方法具体化、规范化，激发受访者自身的改变潜能，进而增加其改变的动机与意愿。本研究旨在比较、分析开展动机访谈路线图与实行常规护理方案对糖尿病患者血生化指标及自我效能的影响。 (邓春友 谢永康 利友琼 陈玉婷 张远霞)