品管圈在降低血液透析性低血压中的应用效果(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨品管圈(QCC)在降低血液透析性低血压中的应用效果。 方法 选择2012年5月～2014年5月我院收治的血液透析治疗患者84例，将其按照随机数字表分为研究组与对照组，每组42例。对照组采取常规护理方法，研究组针对透析中可能出现的低血压情况采取QCC干预。比较两组实施QCC前后低血压发生情况及血液透析低血压的各项病因。 结果 QCC实施后1个月，研究组的低血压发生率为11.90%，显著低于对照组的40.48%及实施前的47.62%(P<0.05)。实施QCC后，研究组血液透析低血压的各项病因均有显著改善，其中糖尿病、脱水量>5%干体质量发生率显著低于对照组，两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 QCC可以有效降低血液透析治疗时低血压的发生率，保证治疗效果。
[关键词] 品管圈；血液透析；低血压
[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)08(c)-0195-03
Application effect of the quality control circle in the reduction of hemodialysis hypotension
HUANG Zhu-juan HE Gui-lan CHEN Chu-xia ZHENG Li-zhen
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery，Nanshan Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical College，Shenzhen 518052，China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the application effect of the quality control circle(QCC) in the reduction of hemodialysis hypotension. Methods 84 patients with hemodialysis received in our hospital from May 2012 to May 2014 were selected.According to the random number table，they were divided into study group and control group，42 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing，the study group was given QCC intervention in case hypotension might occur in the dialysis.The incidence of hypotension and the causes of hypotension in hemodialysis in two groups before and after the QCC was compared. Results 1 month after the implementation of QCC，the incidence of hypotension in the study group was 11.90%，which was significantly lower than 40.48% in the control group and lower than 47.62% before implementation of QCC (P<0.05).After the implementation of QCC，the causes of hypotension during hemodialysis in the study group was significantly improved，among，diabetes and the incidence of removal water which was more than 5% dry weight was significantly lower than those of control group.The difference between two groups had significance(P<0.05). Conclusion QCC can effectively reduce the incidence of hypotension in the dialysis and ensure the treatment effect.
[Key words] Quality control circle；Hemodialysis；Hypotension
品管圈(quality control circle，QCC)是一种新型且活沷的品管形式，它是为了解决工作岗位中的问题，自发组成的一个团体，团体中的员工分工协作，并通过品管工具分析、解决工作中的关键性问题，继而达到所设想的目的。低血压是持续性血液透析的常见并发症之一，表现为恶心、呕吐、眼花、头晕、出汗、打哈欠、胸闷、肌肉痉挛、呼吸困难、面色苍白，甚至意识不清、晕厥、大小便失禁等。资料[1-2]统计显示，该并发症的发生率为25%～50%，严重影响了患者的透析治疗质量，且增加了死亡率。2012年5月～2014年5月，我院以降低血液透析患者低血压发生率为目标，对45例血液透析患者应用了QCC干预，收效确切，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2012年5月～2014年5月我院收治的血液透析治疗者84例，按照随机数字表将其分为研究组与对照组，每组42例。研究组：男22例，女20例；年龄40～75岁，平均(57.6±5.6)岁；原发病慢性肾小球肾炎20例，糖尿病18例，韦格纳芽肿2例，多囊肾病2例。对照组：男21例，女21例；年龄40～75岁，平均(57.5±5.5)岁；原发病慢性肾小球肾炎21例，糖尿病17例，韦格纳芽肿2例，多囊肾病2例。两组在性别、年龄、原发病等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。 (黄祝娟 何桂兰 陈楚霞 郑丽珍)
[关键词] 品管圈；血液透析；低血压
[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2015)08(c)-0195-03
Application effect of the quality control circle in the reduction of hemodialysis hypotension
HUANG Zhu-juan HE Gui-lan CHEN Chu-xia ZHENG Li-zhen
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery，Nanshan Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical College，Shenzhen 518052，China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the application effect of the quality control circle(QCC) in the reduction of hemodialysis hypotension. Methods 84 patients with hemodialysis received in our hospital from May 2012 to May 2014 were selected.According to the random number table，they were divided into study group and control group，42 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing，the study group was given QCC intervention in case hypotension might occur in the dialysis.The incidence of hypotension and the causes of hypotension in hemodialysis in two groups before and after the QCC was compared. Results 1 month after the implementation of QCC，the incidence of hypotension in the study group was 11.90%，which was significantly lower than 40.48% in the control group and lower than 47.62% before implementation of QCC (P<0.05).After the implementation of QCC，the causes of hypotension during hemodialysis in the study group was significantly improved，among，diabetes and the incidence of removal water which was more than 5% dry weight was significantly lower than those of control group.The difference between two groups had significance(P<0.05). Conclusion QCC can effectively reduce the incidence of hypotension in the dialysis and ensure the treatment effect.
[Key words] Quality control circle；Hemodialysis；Hypotension
品管圈(quality control circle，QCC)是一种新型且活沷的品管形式，它是为了解决工作岗位中的问题，自发组成的一个团体，团体中的员工分工协作，并通过品管工具分析、解决工作中的关键性问题，继而达到所设想的目的。低血压是持续性血液透析的常见并发症之一，表现为恶心、呕吐、眼花、头晕、出汗、打哈欠、胸闷、肌肉痉挛、呼吸困难、面色苍白，甚至意识不清、晕厥、大小便失禁等。资料[1-2]统计显示，该并发症的发生率为25%～50%，严重影响了患者的透析治疗质量，且增加了死亡率。2012年5月～2014年5月，我院以降低血液透析患者低血压发生率为目标，对45例血液透析患者应用了QCC干预，收效确切，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2012年5月～2014年5月我院收治的血液透析治疗者84例，按照随机数字表将其分为研究组与对照组，每组42例。研究组：男22例，女20例；年龄40～75岁，平均(57.6±5.6)岁；原发病慢性肾小球肾炎20例，糖尿病18例，韦格纳芽肿2例，多囊肾病2例。对照组：男21例，女21例；年龄40～75岁，平均(57.5±5.5)岁；原发病慢性肾小球肾炎21例，糖尿病17例，韦格纳芽肿2例，多囊肾病2例。两组在性别、年龄、原发病等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。 (黄祝娟 何桂兰 陈楚霞 郑丽珍)