分期针刺结合三级康复治疗脑卒中偏瘫的临床研究(1)
[摘要]目的 探讨分期针刺联合三级康复治疗脑卒中偏瘫的效果。方法 选取本院2015年1~10月收治的132例脑卒中偏瘫患者作为研究对象,采用抽签法将入选患者分为观察组和对照组,各66例。对照组给予单纯的三级康复治疗,观察组给予分期针刺联合三级康复治疗。比较两组的NIHSS、ADL、Fugl-Meyer评分。结果 观察组治疗3、6个月后的NIHSS评分显著低于对照组,Fugl-Meyer、ADL评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 分期针刺联合三级康复治疗脑卒中偏瘫能取得较为显著的效果,可以减轻神经缺损程度,提高患者的肢体运动功能和生活质量,值得临床推广应用。
[关键词]分期针刺;三级康复;脑卒中偏瘫;神经功能
[中图分类号] R743.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)07(a)-0063-03
[Abstract]Objective To explore the effect of staging acupuncture combined with three stage rehabilitation therapy in the treatment of cerebral apoplexy with hemiplegia.Methods 132 cases of cerebral apoplexy with hemiplegia from January 2015 to October in our hospital were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group by using lottery,66 cases in each group.The control group was only given three stage rehabilitation therapy,the observation group was given staging acupuncture combined with three stage rehabilitation therapy.The score of NIHSS,ADL and Fugl-Meyer in the two groups was compared.Results The score of NIHSS after treatment for 3 and 6 months in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the score of ADL and Fugl-Meyer after treatment for 3 and 6 months in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Staging acupuncture combined with three stage rehabilitation in the treatment of cerebral apoplexy with hemiplegia can achieve a more significant therapeutic effect,which can decrease nerve defect degree,enhance body movement function and life quality of patients,it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words]Staging acupuncture;Three stage rehabilitation;Cerebral apoplexy hemiplegia;Nerve function
心脑血管疾病是危害人们身心健康的重要疾病之一,其发病率高,且由于病情严重,致残率和死亡率较高,并发症多[1-2],给患者及其家庭带来严重负担。对于因脑卒中引起的偏瘫等致残患者,临床上多采用康复治疗,以改善患者的肢体功能障碍等[3]。近年来,笔者在临床实践研究中发现,将传统中医学中的针刺疗法用于脑卒中偏瘫的治疗中,与康复治疗相配合,能提高治疗效果。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取本院2015年1~10月收治的132例脑卒中偏瘫患者作为研究对象,全部患者均为脑卒中初发患者,有一侧肢体功能障碍,患侧的肌力在4级以下。采用抽签法将入选患者分为观察组和对照组,各66例。观察组中,男39例,女27例;年龄45~68岁,平均(54.9±6.3)岁;左侧偏瘫31例,右侧偏瘫35例。对照组中,男42例,女24例;年龄43~67岁,平均(53.5±6.7)岁;左侧偏瘫33例,右侧偏瘫33例。两组的一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2方法
两组均给予三级康复疗法,于医院急诊科、神经科进行常规的治疗及早期康复治疗为一级康复,于康复病房进行康复治疗为二级康复,于家中或社区进行康复治疗为三级康复,具体的康复治疗措施如下。①一级康复治疗:在患者软瘫期给予患肢体位护理,在床上采用抗痉挛体位,如健侧卧位、患侧卧位等,每隔2~3 h更换一次体位;对患者进行被动运动,如肢体的伸展、屈伸等运动;采用感觉刺激方法进行锻炼,轻快地牵拉肌肉,轻叩肌腱、肌腹等。鼓励患者用健肢在床上进行主动、被动运动,如指导患者进行上肢伸展、屈伸运动,进行下肢的夹腿运动等。在痉挛期,通过抗痉挛手法辅助患者进行训练,同时配合中医学的穴位按摩缓解关节、肌肉的痉挛,促进分离运动的开展,例如开展双桥式运动,训练患者上下肢的控制能力,让患者自主完成坐、卧位的转换,进行坐位训练、站位训练等,并尽早给患者进行步行训练等。②二级康复治疗:进行全身协调训练,包括站立、重心转移、自主进食、更衣等训练;指导协助患者使用手杖走路、上下楼梯等,训练患者的行走功能。③三级康复锻炼:在患者出院后,康复治疗师以上门随访的方式指导患者自主解决吃饭、穿衣、洗漱、处理个人卫生等问题,提高患者的生活自理能力,每周上门随访一次。 (梁剑凌)
[关键词]分期针刺;三级康复;脑卒中偏瘫;神经功能
[中图分类号] R743.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)07(a)-0063-03
[Abstract]Objective To explore the effect of staging acupuncture combined with three stage rehabilitation therapy in the treatment of cerebral apoplexy with hemiplegia.Methods 132 cases of cerebral apoplexy with hemiplegia from January 2015 to October in our hospital were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group by using lottery,66 cases in each group.The control group was only given three stage rehabilitation therapy,the observation group was given staging acupuncture combined with three stage rehabilitation therapy.The score of NIHSS,ADL and Fugl-Meyer in the two groups was compared.Results The score of NIHSS after treatment for 3 and 6 months in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the score of ADL and Fugl-Meyer after treatment for 3 and 6 months in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Staging acupuncture combined with three stage rehabilitation in the treatment of cerebral apoplexy with hemiplegia can achieve a more significant therapeutic effect,which can decrease nerve defect degree,enhance body movement function and life quality of patients,it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words]Staging acupuncture;Three stage rehabilitation;Cerebral apoplexy hemiplegia;Nerve function
心脑血管疾病是危害人们身心健康的重要疾病之一,其发病率高,且由于病情严重,致残率和死亡率较高,并发症多[1-2],给患者及其家庭带来严重负担。对于因脑卒中引起的偏瘫等致残患者,临床上多采用康复治疗,以改善患者的肢体功能障碍等[3]。近年来,笔者在临床实践研究中发现,将传统中医学中的针刺疗法用于脑卒中偏瘫的治疗中,与康复治疗相配合,能提高治疗效果。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取本院2015年1~10月收治的132例脑卒中偏瘫患者作为研究对象,全部患者均为脑卒中初发患者,有一侧肢体功能障碍,患侧的肌力在4级以下。采用抽签法将入选患者分为观察组和对照组,各66例。观察组中,男39例,女27例;年龄45~68岁,平均(54.9±6.3)岁;左侧偏瘫31例,右侧偏瘫35例。对照组中,男42例,女24例;年龄43~67岁,平均(53.5±6.7)岁;左侧偏瘫33例,右侧偏瘫33例。两组的一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2方法
两组均给予三级康复疗法,于医院急诊科、神经科进行常规的治疗及早期康复治疗为一级康复,于康复病房进行康复治疗为二级康复,于家中或社区进行康复治疗为三级康复,具体的康复治疗措施如下。①一级康复治疗:在患者软瘫期给予患肢体位护理,在床上采用抗痉挛体位,如健侧卧位、患侧卧位等,每隔2~3 h更换一次体位;对患者进行被动运动,如肢体的伸展、屈伸等运动;采用感觉刺激方法进行锻炼,轻快地牵拉肌肉,轻叩肌腱、肌腹等。鼓励患者用健肢在床上进行主动、被动运动,如指导患者进行上肢伸展、屈伸运动,进行下肢的夹腿运动等。在痉挛期,通过抗痉挛手法辅助患者进行训练,同时配合中医学的穴位按摩缓解关节、肌肉的痉挛,促进分离运动的开展,例如开展双桥式运动,训练患者上下肢的控制能力,让患者自主完成坐、卧位的转换,进行坐位训练、站位训练等,并尽早给患者进行步行训练等。②二级康复治疗:进行全身协调训练,包括站立、重心转移、自主进食、更衣等训练;指导协助患者使用手杖走路、上下楼梯等,训练患者的行走功能。③三级康复锻炼:在患者出院后,康复治疗师以上门随访的方式指导患者自主解决吃饭、穿衣、洗漱、处理个人卫生等问题,提高患者的生活自理能力,每周上门随访一次。 (梁剑凌)