汕尾市2013年至2016年儿童社区获得性肺炎的病原学特点分析(1)
[摘要]目的 分析汕尾市近年來儿童社区获得性肺炎的病原学特点。方法 将2013年1月～2016年12月门诊收集的汕尾市儿童社区获得性肺炎患儿1254例按年龄不同分为学龄前组、幼儿组、婴儿组，对比常见细菌、病毒、支原体检出情况及混合感染检出情况，对比四季病毒、细菌、支原体检出分布情况。结果 细菌阳性率为55.50%，检出696株，副流感嗜血杆菌检占41.67%，其次为肺炎链球菌，占25.00%，高于其余细菌占比；病毒阳性率为35.01%，RSV占68.34%，ADV占17.77%，高于其余病毒占比，差异显著；婴儿组病毒、支原体检出率最高；三组金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、RSV 、PIV3、差异显著；54.79%的患儿为细菌合并病毒感染，婴儿组检出率最高。支原体阳性率为33.25%。春季和冬季细菌总检出率最高，副流感嗜血菌春季检出率最高；冬季病毒总检出率最高，冬季RSV检出率最高，春季PIV3检出率最高，ADV夏季组检出率最高，春秋季支原体检出率较高，均P<0.05。结论 汕尾市近年来儿童社区获得性肺炎中支原体感染较普遍，副流感嗜血杆菌是首要细菌病原，首要病毒病原为RSV，病毒合并细菌感染为主要混合感染。春季和冬季是细菌、病毒、支原体活跃的时期，检出率较高。
[关键词]儿童；社区获得性肺炎；病原学；季节；年龄
[中图分类号] R725 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2017)07(a)-0135-04
Etiological characteristics analysis of community-acquired pneumonia in children from 2013 to 2016 in Shanwei City
CHEN Qiu-yang ZHUANG Cheng-lin ZHOU Si
Department of Pediatrics，Pengpai Memorial Hospital in Haifeng County in Guangdong Province，Haifeng 516400，China
[Abstract]Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children in Shanwei city in recent years.Methods A total of 1254 children with CAP from January 2013 to December 2016 were collected from outpatient clinics.They were divided into preschool group，infant group，and neonatal group based on different ages.The detection of common bacteria，virus，mycoplasma and mixed infection was compared as well as the distributions of these bacteria，virus，and mycoplasma among four seasons.Results The positivity rate of bacterial detection was 55.50%，and 696 strains were detected.Among these detected strains，Hemophilus parainfluenzae took up for 41.67%，followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae accounting for 25.00%，which were higher than the other bacteria.The viral positivity rate was 35.01%，of which 68.34 % for RSV and 17.77% for ADV，higher than other viruses in significant differences.The proportion of detections of virus and mycoplasma in the neonatal group was the highest.There were great differences in Staphylococcus aureus，Escherichia coli，RSV，and PIV3 among three groups.54.79% children suffering from bacterial and viral infection，which was the highest in the neonatal group.The positivity rate of mycoplasma was 33.25%.The total detection rates of bacteria in spring and winter were the highest.The Hemophilus influenza was detected in spring in highest detection rate.In winter，the total detection rate of virus was highest，of which RSV，PIV3，and ADV were frequently detected in winter，spring，and summer respectively (all P<0.05).The possibility of mycoplasma detection is higher in spring compared with other seasons (P<0.05).Conclusion Mycoplasma infection in CAP children in Shanwei city is common in recent years.Haemophilus paragallinus is the primary bacterial pathogen，RSV as the primary viral pathogen，and the main mixed infection pathogen is virus combining with bacterium.Spring and winter are the active periods for bacteria，viruses，mycoplasmas in higher detection rates., 百拇医药(陈秋阳 庄城林 周锶)
[关键词]儿童；社区获得性肺炎；病原学；季节；年龄
[中图分类号] R725 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2017)07(a)-0135-04
Etiological characteristics analysis of community-acquired pneumonia in children from 2013 to 2016 in Shanwei City
CHEN Qiu-yang ZHUANG Cheng-lin ZHOU Si
Department of Pediatrics，Pengpai Memorial Hospital in Haifeng County in Guangdong Province，Haifeng 516400，China
[Abstract]Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children in Shanwei city in recent years.Methods A total of 1254 children with CAP from January 2013 to December 2016 were collected from outpatient clinics.They were divided into preschool group，infant group，and neonatal group based on different ages.The detection of common bacteria，virus，mycoplasma and mixed infection was compared as well as the distributions of these bacteria，virus，and mycoplasma among four seasons.Results The positivity rate of bacterial detection was 55.50%，and 696 strains were detected.Among these detected strains，Hemophilus parainfluenzae took up for 41.67%，followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae accounting for 25.00%，which were higher than the other bacteria.The viral positivity rate was 35.01%，of which 68.34 % for RSV and 17.77% for ADV，higher than other viruses in significant differences.The proportion of detections of virus and mycoplasma in the neonatal group was the highest.There were great differences in Staphylococcus aureus，Escherichia coli，RSV，and PIV3 among three groups.54.79% children suffering from bacterial and viral infection，which was the highest in the neonatal group.The positivity rate of mycoplasma was 33.25%.The total detection rates of bacteria in spring and winter were the highest.The Hemophilus influenza was detected in spring in highest detection rate.In winter，the total detection rate of virus was highest，of which RSV，PIV3，and ADV were frequently detected in winter，spring，and summer respectively (all P<0.05).The possibility of mycoplasma detection is higher in spring compared with other seasons (P<0.05).Conclusion Mycoplasma infection in CAP children in Shanwei city is common in recent years.Haemophilus paragallinus is the primary bacterial pathogen，RSV as the primary viral pathogen，and the main mixed infection pathogen is virus combining with bacterium.Spring and winter are the active periods for bacteria，viruses，mycoplasmas in higher detection rates., 百拇医药(陈秋阳 庄城林 周锶)