赣南地区过敏性皮肤病变应原谱分析(1)
[摘要]目的 研究贛南地区过敏性皮肤病变应原谱，明确赣南地区过敏性皮肤病常见变应原，为赣南地区过敏性皮肤病的防治提供依据。方法 临床纳入赣南地区2015年10月～2017年10月的1126例过敏性皮肤病患者作为研究对象。根据患者不同年龄段分为儿童组(≤14岁)316例，青少年组(>14～34岁)529例，中老年组(>34岁)281例。采用免疫印迹法对所有患者血清进行特异性IgE检测，测定变应原，分析不同年龄段患者的变应原阳性率情况。结果 吸入性变应原中以户尘螨/粉尘螨和矮豚草/蒿最为常见，阳性率明显高于其他种类(P<0.05)；食入性变应原中以鱼/虾/蟹和腰果/花生/黄豆最为常见，阳性率明显高于其他种类(P<0.05)。儿童组、青少年组及老年组单种阳性率高于2种及以上阳性率(P<0.05)。变应原方式方面，不同年龄组内吸入性和食入性阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。中老年组变应原种类方面，单种阳性率和2种及以上阳性率明显低于儿童组和青少年组(P<0.05)；变应原方式方面，吸入性、食入性阳性率均低于儿童组和青少年组(P<0.05)。结论 导致赣南地区过敏性皮肤病的吸入性变应原以户尘螨/粉尘螨和矮豚草/蒿为主，食入性变应原以鱼/虾/蟹和腰果/花生/黄豆为主，年龄越小越容易发生过敏性皮肤病，因此应扩大赣南地区海鲜、坚果类变应原种类的检测，对年龄较小的儿童进行积极预防，可进一步降低赣南地区过敏性皮肤病的发生率。
[关键词]过敏性皮肤病；变应原；IgE；变应原谱
[中图分类号] R758.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)4(b)-0158-03
Allergen spectrum analysis of allergic skin diseases in Southern Jiangxi Province
PEI Xian-feng
Dermatology Hospital of Ganzhou City in Jiangxi Province，Ganzhou 341000，China
[Abstract]Objective To study the allergen spectrum of allergic skin diseases in Southern Jiangxi Province and to identify the common allergens of allergic skin diseases in this area，and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of allergic skin diseases in Southern Jiangxi Province.Methods A total of 1126 cases of allergic dermatosis in Southern Jiangxi Province from October 2015 to October 2017 were enrolled in this study.According to different age groups，they were divided into the children group (≤14 years old，n=316)，the adolescent group (>14-34 years old，n=529) and the middle-aged and elderly group (>34 years old，n=281).Western blotting was used to detect the specific IgE from serum in all the patients to identify the allergens and analyze the positivity rate of allergen different age groups.Results The home dust mite/dermatophagoides farina and dwarf ragweed/artemisia were common in the inhaled allergens，and the positivity rate was higher than that other species (P<0.05).In food intake group，allergens such as fish，shrimp，crab and cashew nuts，peanut，and soybean were the most common with a higher positivity rate than that other species (P<0.05).The positivity rates of single species in the children group，the adolescent group and the middle-aged and elderly group were all higher than those of two and above species (P<0.05).There was no difference in the positivity rates of inhalation and ingestion of allergens between different age groups (P>0.05).In the middle-aged and elderly group，the positivity rates of single species and two species and more were significantly lower than those in the children and the adolescent groups (P<0.05).The positivity rates of allergen inhalation and ingestion were both lower than those in the children and adolescent groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Inhaled allergens that caused allergic skin diseases in Southern Jiangxi Province mainly are home dust mite/dermatophagoides farina and dwarf ragweed/artemisia，and for in-feed allergens，fish，shrimp，crab and cashew nuts，peanut，and soybean take the priority.The younger the patient is，the more prone the allergic skin disease occurs，therefore，expansion to detect the allergen species such as seafood and nuts in Southern Jiangxi Province and active prevention on younger children can further reduce the incidence of allergic skin diseases in this area., 百拇医药(裴显峰)
[关键词]过敏性皮肤病；变应原；IgE；变应原谱
[中图分类号] R758.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)4(b)-0158-03
Allergen spectrum analysis of allergic skin diseases in Southern Jiangxi Province
PEI Xian-feng
Dermatology Hospital of Ganzhou City in Jiangxi Province，Ganzhou 341000，China
[Abstract]Objective To study the allergen spectrum of allergic skin diseases in Southern Jiangxi Province and to identify the common allergens of allergic skin diseases in this area，and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of allergic skin diseases in Southern Jiangxi Province.Methods A total of 1126 cases of allergic dermatosis in Southern Jiangxi Province from October 2015 to October 2017 were enrolled in this study.According to different age groups，they were divided into the children group (≤14 years old，n=316)，the adolescent group (>14-34 years old，n=529) and the middle-aged and elderly group (>34 years old，n=281).Western blotting was used to detect the specific IgE from serum in all the patients to identify the allergens and analyze the positivity rate of allergen different age groups.Results The home dust mite/dermatophagoides farina and dwarf ragweed/artemisia were common in the inhaled allergens，and the positivity rate was higher than that other species (P<0.05).In food intake group，allergens such as fish，shrimp，crab and cashew nuts，peanut，and soybean were the most common with a higher positivity rate than that other species (P<0.05).The positivity rates of single species in the children group，the adolescent group and the middle-aged and elderly group were all higher than those of two and above species (P<0.05).There was no difference in the positivity rates of inhalation and ingestion of allergens between different age groups (P>0.05).In the middle-aged and elderly group，the positivity rates of single species and two species and more were significantly lower than those in the children and the adolescent groups (P<0.05).The positivity rates of allergen inhalation and ingestion were both lower than those in the children and adolescent groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Inhaled allergens that caused allergic skin diseases in Southern Jiangxi Province mainly are home dust mite/dermatophagoides farina and dwarf ragweed/artemisia，and for in-feed allergens，fish，shrimp，crab and cashew nuts，peanut，and soybean take the priority.The younger the patient is，the more prone the allergic skin disease occurs，therefore，expansion to detect the allergen species such as seafood and nuts in Southern Jiangxi Province and active prevention on younger children can further reduce the incidence of allergic skin diseases in this area., 百拇医药(裴显峰)