杨廉方教授化痰散结法治疗乳癖验案举隅(1)
[摘要]乳癖是当今社会女性常见病之一,带给生活及工作诸多困扰,西医药物及手术治疗效果欠佳,不尽人意,因此找到疗效好、副作用小的治疗途径极为重要。名老中医杨廉方教授拥有丰富的临床诊疗经验。本文通过分析跟诊过程中的2则典型病例,总结杨廉方教授治疗乳癖经验,针对川渝地区女性多痰多湿的体质,重视化痰散结基本治法,疏肝理气、调摄冲任、温阳补肾等多种治法并用,标本兼治,同时予以适当心理干预,各有侧重,全面兼顾,方能奏效。
[关键词]乳癖;化痰散结;杨廉方;临床经验
[中图分类号] R271.19 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2020)8(b)-0148-04
[Abstract] Mammary nodules as the one of common female diseases in modern society, brings lots of problems to life and work. The effects of western medicine and surgical operation are not satisfactory, thus it′s very important to find a treatment with good effect and little side effect. Professor Yang Lianfang, famous traditional Chinese medicine doctor, has rich experiences in clinical diagnosis and treatments. This paper analyzed two typical cases with the teacher to summarize the treatment experiences of mammary nodules. In view of the phlegm and dampness constitution of women in Sichuan and Chongqing, attaching importance to the basic treatment of reducing phlegm and resolving masses, as well as combining many and various treatments, such as soothing the liver and regulating qi, conditioning chongren disharmony, and warming the kidney-yang, only by treating both the symptoms and root causes and taking into account all aspects, concurrently giving appropriate psychological intervention can it be effective.
[Key words] Mammary nodules; Reducing phlegm and resolving masses; Yang Lianfang; Clinical experience
乳癖相當于乳腺增生等乳腺良性疾病,表现为乳房肿块,一侧或双侧,单个或多个,其形态、大小不等,多与月经和情绪改变相关[1]。目前,临床尚无针对性特效药[2],西医多用激素制剂,虽见效快,但易造成多毛、闭经等副作用[3],反观中医中药治疗颇有良效。杨廉方教授系重庆市名中医,全国名老中医药专家传承工作室导师,从事医疗、教学和科研工作50余载,辨证翔实,灵活化裁经方、验方,疗效甚捷。笔者有幸随其临证,颇受教诲,收获良多,兹将验案举隅,分析经验,旨在为临床治疗乳癖提供参考。
1病因病机
明清两代,医家将“乳癖”与乳房肿块建立联系[4],清代沈尧封指出,“妇人多郁善怒,情志变化最显,气结则血亦结”。女性天性忧虑多思,历经经、带、胎、产和哺乳的艰辛,耗损精血,更易患乳房病症[5]。高秉钧在《疡科心得集》中对乳癖命名并描述形态:“有乳中结核,形如丸卵,不疼痛,不发寒热,皮色不变,其核随喜怒消长,此名乳癖。”[6]纵览文献,本病与五脏六腑、经络纵横关系紧密,肝、脾胃、肾及冲任为重中之重[7-10]。女子以肝为先天,诸病当从肝论治,肝者,主散、主动、主升[11],肝经有支者穿横膈,散胁肋,胆经下胸中,行乳房外;胃络贯乳中,过乳房,脾经支者上膈,循乳外[12-13]。女子气常有余,忧郁积忿,怒则伤肝,肝经不畅,升降失职,气阻血停,瘀血阻络,郁而成结。女子亦血常不足,脾胃相为表里,且为气血生化之源,多思虑则脾土虚衰,运化无力,津液布散失调,湿阻经络,日久成痰。湿邪留恋,迁延不愈,相结错杂如核、如卵。肾气助肝气畅达,肾气亏虚,母病及子,肝体失养。薛立斋说:“夫经水,阴血也”[14],肾精上濡养乳房,下充养胞宫[15],冲任起自胞中,上行胸中,调节乳汁,三者通过“肾-天癸-冲任轴”共同调节乳房生理功能,若肾精亏损,乳腺功能紊乱,则发生腺体增生、经水逆乱、月信失常等一系列病症。综上所述,脏腑不和,经络不畅,气血不行,环环相扣,痰湿积成乳癖。因病机复杂繁多,临床上少有单一病因所致的证型[16],故常多法结合,各有侧重。
2追溯来源
痰是病理产物,起自中焦[17],脏腑气血失和,津液代谢失常,流窜表里内外;痰亦是致病因素,分为“有形之邪”和“无形之邪”,前者指肉眼可见的痰液,后者指停留于脏腑、经络中的痰饮之邪[18]。水浆无法宣散,浊稠者聚在两胁、乳房则成“癖”[19]。结者,为邪气积聚、难以消散的坚硬产物,如增生、肿物、包块、纤维化[20-21]。乳癖可发为乳岩,未破时治之可立消,若拖数年,恐肉腐失荣成乳岩[22]。有医者称“痰浊”亦是恶性肿瘤的构成因素之一[23],虽表现、形状各异,遵循“治病求本”的理论,当以“化痰散结”为首。, http://www.100md.com(姜莹 李秀云)
[关键词]乳癖;化痰散结;杨廉方;临床经验
[中图分类号] R271.19 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2020)8(b)-0148-04
[Abstract] Mammary nodules as the one of common female diseases in modern society, brings lots of problems to life and work. The effects of western medicine and surgical operation are not satisfactory, thus it′s very important to find a treatment with good effect and little side effect. Professor Yang Lianfang, famous traditional Chinese medicine doctor, has rich experiences in clinical diagnosis and treatments. This paper analyzed two typical cases with the teacher to summarize the treatment experiences of mammary nodules. In view of the phlegm and dampness constitution of women in Sichuan and Chongqing, attaching importance to the basic treatment of reducing phlegm and resolving masses, as well as combining many and various treatments, such as soothing the liver and regulating qi, conditioning chongren disharmony, and warming the kidney-yang, only by treating both the symptoms and root causes and taking into account all aspects, concurrently giving appropriate psychological intervention can it be effective.
[Key words] Mammary nodules; Reducing phlegm and resolving masses; Yang Lianfang; Clinical experience
乳癖相當于乳腺增生等乳腺良性疾病,表现为乳房肿块,一侧或双侧,单个或多个,其形态、大小不等,多与月经和情绪改变相关[1]。目前,临床尚无针对性特效药[2],西医多用激素制剂,虽见效快,但易造成多毛、闭经等副作用[3],反观中医中药治疗颇有良效。杨廉方教授系重庆市名中医,全国名老中医药专家传承工作室导师,从事医疗、教学和科研工作50余载,辨证翔实,灵活化裁经方、验方,疗效甚捷。笔者有幸随其临证,颇受教诲,收获良多,兹将验案举隅,分析经验,旨在为临床治疗乳癖提供参考。
1病因病机
明清两代,医家将“乳癖”与乳房肿块建立联系[4],清代沈尧封指出,“妇人多郁善怒,情志变化最显,气结则血亦结”。女性天性忧虑多思,历经经、带、胎、产和哺乳的艰辛,耗损精血,更易患乳房病症[5]。高秉钧在《疡科心得集》中对乳癖命名并描述形态:“有乳中结核,形如丸卵,不疼痛,不发寒热,皮色不变,其核随喜怒消长,此名乳癖。”[6]纵览文献,本病与五脏六腑、经络纵横关系紧密,肝、脾胃、肾及冲任为重中之重[7-10]。女子以肝为先天,诸病当从肝论治,肝者,主散、主动、主升[11],肝经有支者穿横膈,散胁肋,胆经下胸中,行乳房外;胃络贯乳中,过乳房,脾经支者上膈,循乳外[12-13]。女子气常有余,忧郁积忿,怒则伤肝,肝经不畅,升降失职,气阻血停,瘀血阻络,郁而成结。女子亦血常不足,脾胃相为表里,且为气血生化之源,多思虑则脾土虚衰,运化无力,津液布散失调,湿阻经络,日久成痰。湿邪留恋,迁延不愈,相结错杂如核、如卵。肾气助肝气畅达,肾气亏虚,母病及子,肝体失养。薛立斋说:“夫经水,阴血也”[14],肾精上濡养乳房,下充养胞宫[15],冲任起自胞中,上行胸中,调节乳汁,三者通过“肾-天癸-冲任轴”共同调节乳房生理功能,若肾精亏损,乳腺功能紊乱,则发生腺体增生、经水逆乱、月信失常等一系列病症。综上所述,脏腑不和,经络不畅,气血不行,环环相扣,痰湿积成乳癖。因病机复杂繁多,临床上少有单一病因所致的证型[16],故常多法结合,各有侧重。
2追溯来源
痰是病理产物,起自中焦[17],脏腑气血失和,津液代谢失常,流窜表里内外;痰亦是致病因素,分为“有形之邪”和“无形之邪”,前者指肉眼可见的痰液,后者指停留于脏腑、经络中的痰饮之邪[18]。水浆无法宣散,浊稠者聚在两胁、乳房则成“癖”[19]。结者,为邪气积聚、难以消散的坚硬产物,如增生、肿物、包块、纤维化[20-21]。乳癖可发为乳岩,未破时治之可立消,若拖数年,恐肉腐失荣成乳岩[22]。有医者称“痰浊”亦是恶性肿瘤的构成因素之一[23],虽表现、形状各异,遵循“治病求本”的理论,当以“化痰散结”为首。, http://www.100md.com(姜莹 李秀云)