医护人员职业紧张对生活质量的影响(1)
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【摘要】 目的：评价医护人员的职业紧张和生活质量，探讨职业紧张对其生活质量的影响。方法：整群抽取某市三级医院3所，从中随机抽取临床各科室医护人员1100例，采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R，1998)和生活质量量表(SF-36)对其职业紧张和生活质量进行评估。结果：30～40岁年龄组医护人员生活质量最差，学历越高生活质量越差，临床科室医护人员生活质量较医技科室医护人员差(P<0.01)。随着职业紧张水平的升高，医护人员的生活质量得分是下降的(P<0.01)，应对资源得分越高，其生活质量得分也越高(P<0.01)。躯体紧张反应、任务过重、业务紧张反应和任务冲突是医护人员生理健康的主要影响因素(P<0.05)；心理紧张反应、理性处事、任务过重是医护人员心理健康的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论：医护人员的生活质量具有年龄差异，随着学历的增高生活质量具有下降趋势，职业紧张水平越高其生活质量越差，增加应对资源能够降低职业紧张对生活质量的影响。
【关键词】 职业紧张； 生活质量； 医护人员
Influence of Occupational Stress on Quality of Life in Doctors and Nurses/GAO Ru-ru， LIU Xiao-lin， ZHANG Dong-mei， et al.//Medical Innovation of China，2012，9(9):89-91
【Abstract】 Objective: To evaluate the status of doctors and nurses’ quality of life and explore the influence of occupational stress on quality of life. Methods: A total of 1100 doctors and nurses were sampled from three hospitals which were randomly selected by the method of cluster sampling. Occupational stress inventory-revised edition(OSI-R) and Chinese version of the SF-36 health survey scales was used to evaluate their occupational stress and quality of life. Results: 30-40 years old group had the worst quality of life， doctors and nurses of higher level of education had worse quality of life. Clinical workers’ quality of life was worse than those of medical laboratory(P<0.01). Scores of those who had higher levels of occupational stress were lower in quality of life whereas along with the resources score to be higher， its quality of life score was also higher(P<0.01). The main influencing factors of doctors and nurses’ physical component summary were physical strain response， role overload， vocational strain， and role boundary(P<0.05)， whereas the influencing factors of their mental component summary were psychological strain， role overload， and rational cognitive(P<0.05). Conclusion: The doctors and nurses’ quality of life is different in different age groups. Workers of higher level of education have worse quality of life. Doctors and nurses who have higher level of occupational stress would have lower quality of life， increasing coping resources can alleviate the impact of occupational stress on quality of life ......
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