婴幼儿眼分泌物肺炎链球菌的分离情况及药敏结果分析(1)
【摘要】 目的:了解婴幼儿眼分泌物肺炎链球菌的分离情况及对常用抗菌药物的敏感性,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法:对2008年1月-2014年1月本院眼科门诊就诊患儿的眼分泌物标本,经细菌学培养检出肺炎链球菌的药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果:838例患结膜炎的婴幼儿眼分泌物中,分离肺炎链球菌45株,阳性率为5.4%。氧氟沙星和利福平敏感率最高分别为77.8%和75.6%,红霉素耐药率最高为66.7%。结论:肺炎链球菌是眼部感染的主要致病菌之一,根据药敏试验结果,喹诺酮类滴眼液可作为治疗肺炎链球菌眼部感染的首选药物。
【关键词】 眼分泌物; 肺炎链球菌; 药敏试验
【Abstract】 Objective:To understand the separation condition of infant eye secretions of streptococcus pneumoniae and their antimicrobial susceptibility tests, and provide evidence for clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents. Method: Children eye secretion specimens were cultured and antimicrobial susceptibility test results of detection of streptococcus pneumoniae were retrospectively analyzed from January 2008 to January 2014 in our hospital outpatient department of ophthalmology. Result: In the 838 secretion specimens of child patients of conjunctivitis, 45 pathogens were carried out streptococcus pneumoniae, with a positive rate of 5.4%. The sensitivity rates of Ofloxacin and Rifampin were higher, 77.8% and 75.6% respectively, while the drug resistance rate of Erythromycin was the highest, 66.7%. Conclusion:Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the main pathogenic bacteria of ocular infections, according to the result of drug sensitivity test, fluoroquinolones eye drops can be used as the drug of choice for the treatment of pneumococcalinfections of the eye.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Eye secretions; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Antimicrobial susceptibility test
First-author’s address:The Children’s Hospital of Shenyang,Shenyang 110032,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2015.09.035
肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae,S.p)属链球菌属,为革兰阳性的兼性厌氧球菌,在正常人的口腔及鼻咽部经常存在,一般不致病,只形成带菌状态,只有在免疫力下降时才致病,尤其在呼吸道病毒感染后或婴幼儿,年老体弱者易发生肺部感染。常寄生于儿童的上呼吸道,是儿童社区获得性感染的首位致病菌[1-2],肺炎链球菌是严重威胁儿童健康的常见病原菌之一。肺炎链球菌引起的感染性疾病主要有脑膜炎、肺炎、败血症、中耳炎等[3-5],而肺炎链球菌引起眼结膜感染的报道很少,本文从838例婴幼儿眼结膜分泌物中分离出45例肺炎链球菌,总结如下。
, 百拇医药
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 标本均采自2008-2014年来本院眼科就诊的10 d~1岁眼结膜感染患儿的眼部分泌物。
1.2 仪器及试剂 VITEK2 COMPACT全自动细菌鉴定仪鉴定(法国生物梅里埃公司);M-H琼脂购自杭州天和微生物试剂有限公司;青霉素E-test条为瑞典AB-biodisk公司产品;OPTOCHIN纸片、庆大霉素(10 μg/片)、环丙沙星(5 μg/片)、氨苄西林(10 μg/片)、红霉素(15 μg/片)、氧氟沙星(5 μg/片)、利福平(5 μg/片)、妥布霉素(10 μg/片)、苯唑西林(1 μg/片)、加替沙星(10 μg/片)、氯霉素(30 μg/片),购于北京天坛药物生物技术开发公司。
1.3 标本采集及处理 用无菌生理盐水清洁眼部皮肤,然后以无菌纱布或无菌棉球拭干,再用无菌棉拭子沾取或刮取眼缘结膜囊和角膜病灶分泌物,立即划线四区接种于血平板、巧克力平板和营养肉汤,置35 ℃培养24 h(巧克力平板置5% CO2 培养),进行病原菌培养和药敏试验分析。
, http://www.100md.com
1.4 细菌鉴定 肺炎链球菌菌体呈矛头状,多成双排列,宽端相对,尖端相背,有较厚荚膜,革兰阳性球菌。培养特性和生化反应:营养要求及在血平板上菌落特征基本同甲型链球菌,培养时间稍久菌落中央下陷呈脐窝状。在血清肉汤中培养稍久亦因细菌自溶而使混浊的培养液渐变澄清。自溶酶可被胆汁或胆盐等物质活化,加速细菌溶解,故可用胆汁溶菌试验与草绿色链球菌相区别;肺炎链球菌能分解菊糖这点也可作为与草绿色链球菌相区别的依据。奥普托欣(Optochin)试验:用以与其他草绿色链球菌相鉴别,用接种环将单个待鉴定菌落均匀涂于血平板上,用含量为5 μg的optochin纸片贴于接种区中央,35 ℃需氧培养过夜,抑菌圈>18 mm的为阳性,肺炎链球菌为阳性。所有操作依照《全国检验操作规程》(第3版)[6],培养48 h无菌生长或只有少量稀疏的正常寄生菌落生长者报告阴性。, 百拇医药(林琳)
【关键词】 眼分泌物; 肺炎链球菌; 药敏试验
【Abstract】 Objective:To understand the separation condition of infant eye secretions of streptococcus pneumoniae and their antimicrobial susceptibility tests, and provide evidence for clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents. Method: Children eye secretion specimens were cultured and antimicrobial susceptibility test results of detection of streptococcus pneumoniae were retrospectively analyzed from January 2008 to January 2014 in our hospital outpatient department of ophthalmology. Result: In the 838 secretion specimens of child patients of conjunctivitis, 45 pathogens were carried out streptococcus pneumoniae, with a positive rate of 5.4%. The sensitivity rates of Ofloxacin and Rifampin were higher, 77.8% and 75.6% respectively, while the drug resistance rate of Erythromycin was the highest, 66.7%. Conclusion:Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the main pathogenic bacteria of ocular infections, according to the result of drug sensitivity test, fluoroquinolones eye drops can be used as the drug of choice for the treatment of pneumococcalinfections of the eye.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Eye secretions; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Antimicrobial susceptibility test
First-author’s address:The Children’s Hospital of Shenyang,Shenyang 110032,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2015.09.035
肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae,S.p)属链球菌属,为革兰阳性的兼性厌氧球菌,在正常人的口腔及鼻咽部经常存在,一般不致病,只形成带菌状态,只有在免疫力下降时才致病,尤其在呼吸道病毒感染后或婴幼儿,年老体弱者易发生肺部感染。常寄生于儿童的上呼吸道,是儿童社区获得性感染的首位致病菌[1-2],肺炎链球菌是严重威胁儿童健康的常见病原菌之一。肺炎链球菌引起的感染性疾病主要有脑膜炎、肺炎、败血症、中耳炎等[3-5],而肺炎链球菌引起眼结膜感染的报道很少,本文从838例婴幼儿眼结膜分泌物中分离出45例肺炎链球菌,总结如下。
, 百拇医药
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 标本均采自2008-2014年来本院眼科就诊的10 d~1岁眼结膜感染患儿的眼部分泌物。
1.2 仪器及试剂 VITEK2 COMPACT全自动细菌鉴定仪鉴定(法国生物梅里埃公司);M-H琼脂购自杭州天和微生物试剂有限公司;青霉素E-test条为瑞典AB-biodisk公司产品;OPTOCHIN纸片、庆大霉素(10 μg/片)、环丙沙星(5 μg/片)、氨苄西林(10 μg/片)、红霉素(15 μg/片)、氧氟沙星(5 μg/片)、利福平(5 μg/片)、妥布霉素(10 μg/片)、苯唑西林(1 μg/片)、加替沙星(10 μg/片)、氯霉素(30 μg/片),购于北京天坛药物生物技术开发公司。
1.3 标本采集及处理 用无菌生理盐水清洁眼部皮肤,然后以无菌纱布或无菌棉球拭干,再用无菌棉拭子沾取或刮取眼缘结膜囊和角膜病灶分泌物,立即划线四区接种于血平板、巧克力平板和营养肉汤,置35 ℃培养24 h(巧克力平板置5% CO2 培养),进行病原菌培养和药敏试验分析。
, http://www.100md.com
1.4 细菌鉴定 肺炎链球菌菌体呈矛头状,多成双排列,宽端相对,尖端相背,有较厚荚膜,革兰阳性球菌。培养特性和生化反应:营养要求及在血平板上菌落特征基本同甲型链球菌,培养时间稍久菌落中央下陷呈脐窝状。在血清肉汤中培养稍久亦因细菌自溶而使混浊的培养液渐变澄清。自溶酶可被胆汁或胆盐等物质活化,加速细菌溶解,故可用胆汁溶菌试验与草绿色链球菌相区别;肺炎链球菌能分解菊糖这点也可作为与草绿色链球菌相区别的依据。奥普托欣(Optochin)试验:用以与其他草绿色链球菌相鉴别,用接种环将单个待鉴定菌落均匀涂于血平板上,用含量为5 μg的optochin纸片贴于接种区中央,35 ℃需氧培养过夜,抑菌圈>18 mm的为阳性,肺炎链球菌为阳性。所有操作依照《全国检验操作规程》(第3版)[6],培养48 h无菌生长或只有少量稀疏的正常寄生菌落生长者报告阴性。, 百拇医药(林琳)