精神专科医院门诊抑郁症患者首诊情况调查及影响因素研究(1)
【摘要】 目的：了解精神专科医院门诊抑郁症患者首次就诊情况，探讨影响患者及时就诊和选择首诊医疗机构的相关因素。方法：选择本院门诊150例抑郁症患者作为研究对象，利用自行设计的《门诊抑郁症患者就诊特点调查问卷》《汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Rating Scale，HAMD)》和一般情况调查表对患者进行调查。结果：及时就诊组(发病至患者到精神科就诊的时间≤3个月)与非及时就诊组(发病至患者到精神科就诊的时间>3个月)患者在年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、抑郁症家族史、首诊医疗机构选择、病耻感、就诊意愿等方面比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。及时就诊组与非及时就诊组患者第一主诉构成比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；两组患者的HAMA评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：文化程度、就诊意愿是影响患者及时就诊的主要因素。结论：患者的年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、抑郁症家族史、首诊医疗机构选择、病耻感、就诊意愿等因素对抑郁症患者能否及时就诊有较大影响。
【关键词】 精神专科医院； 抑郁症； 就诊特点； 影响因素
, http://www.100md.com
【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the first-visit situation and influencing factors of the outpatients with depressive disorders in a psychiatric hospital，including the timely visit and the choice of a psychiatric hospital.Method：Part of the outpatients with depression disorders were selected as the research object.Questionnaire for clinical characteristics of outpatients with depression，Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and a general questionnaire were used to collect related data.Result：There were statistical differences between timely treatment group (the time from attack to visit a psychiatric clinic was less than 3 months) and non timely treatment group (the time from attack to visit a psychiatric clinic was more than 3 months) in age，marital status，educational level，family history of depression，the first diagnosis options of medical institutions，stigma and visiting willingness(P<0.05).There were statistical differences between timely treatment group and non timely treatment group in the timely manner patients’ first complain(P<0.05).Patients’ HAMA scores of the two groups had no significant difference(P>0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that education and treatment wishes were main factors affecting patients’ timely treatment.Conclusion：Age，marital status，educational level，family history of depression，the first diagnosis options of medical institutions，stigma，intention to seek medical care and other factors were main factors affecting patients’ timely treatment.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Psychiatric hospitals； Depressive disorder； Clinical characteristics； Influencing factors
世界卫生组织(WHO)研究数据显示，全球目前约有3.5亿抑郁症患者。目前抑郁症已经成为全球第四大疾病，也是导致患者功能残疾的主要原因[1]。在中国，社会经济的发展及城市化进程加快等原因都可能对人们的生活方式及价值观等造成影响，导致抑郁症的患病率逐年上升。流行病学调查显示：中国抑郁症患者人数已达6100万，且呈递增趋势，成年人患病率约5%～10%；而这其中只有不到10%的抑郁症患者得到了专业的救助和治疗，还有相当多的患者根本没有意识到自己患有抑郁症[2-3]。另一方面，少数及时就诊患者中，大多数患者就诊的首诊医院并非精神病专科医院或综合医院的精神科，而是选择神经内科、消化内科及妇科等科室，由于非精神科医师对抑郁症患者的诊断率较低，极易造成患者的漏诊及误诊，最终延误患者治疗，影响患者预后[4]。因此，本研究以精神病专科医院的门诊抑郁症患者作为研究对象，了解患者的就诊特点，分析影响患者及时就诊和选择首诊医疗机构的相关因素，为抑郁症患者的临床救治提供科学依据。, 百拇医药(谢友许等)
【关键词】 精神专科医院； 抑郁症； 就诊特点； 影响因素
, http://www.100md.com
【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the first-visit situation and influencing factors of the outpatients with depressive disorders in a psychiatric hospital，including the timely visit and the choice of a psychiatric hospital.Method：Part of the outpatients with depression disorders were selected as the research object.Questionnaire for clinical characteristics of outpatients with depression，Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and a general questionnaire were used to collect related data.Result：There were statistical differences between timely treatment group (the time from attack to visit a psychiatric clinic was less than 3 months) and non timely treatment group (the time from attack to visit a psychiatric clinic was more than 3 months) in age，marital status，educational level，family history of depression，the first diagnosis options of medical institutions，stigma and visiting willingness(P<0.05).There were statistical differences between timely treatment group and non timely treatment group in the timely manner patients’ first complain(P<0.05).Patients’ HAMA scores of the two groups had no significant difference(P>0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that education and treatment wishes were main factors affecting patients’ timely treatment.Conclusion：Age，marital status，educational level，family history of depression，the first diagnosis options of medical institutions，stigma，intention to seek medical care and other factors were main factors affecting patients’ timely treatment.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Psychiatric hospitals； Depressive disorder； Clinical characteristics； Influencing factors
世界卫生组织(WHO)研究数据显示，全球目前约有3.5亿抑郁症患者。目前抑郁症已经成为全球第四大疾病，也是导致患者功能残疾的主要原因[1]。在中国，社会经济的发展及城市化进程加快等原因都可能对人们的生活方式及价值观等造成影响，导致抑郁症的患病率逐年上升。流行病学调查显示：中国抑郁症患者人数已达6100万，且呈递增趋势，成年人患病率约5%～10%；而这其中只有不到10%的抑郁症患者得到了专业的救助和治疗，还有相当多的患者根本没有意识到自己患有抑郁症[2-3]。另一方面，少数及时就诊患者中，大多数患者就诊的首诊医院并非精神病专科医院或综合医院的精神科，而是选择神经内科、消化内科及妇科等科室，由于非精神科医师对抑郁症患者的诊断率较低，极易造成患者的漏诊及误诊，最终延误患者治疗，影响患者预后[4]。因此，本研究以精神病专科医院的门诊抑郁症患者作为研究对象，了解患者的就诊特点，分析影响患者及时就诊和选择首诊医疗机构的相关因素，为抑郁症患者的临床救治提供科学依据。, 百拇医药(谢友许等)