对脑卒中患者实施居家护理的效果分析(1)
【摘要】 目的：探讨脑卒中患者居家护理的效果及居家护理服务中面临的问题。方法：选取2012年5月-2014年1月于本院神经内科与神经康复科住院的脑卒中患者40例作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组。出院后，对照组给予常规护理，观察组给予居家护理。比较出院前后两组患者的日常生活活动能力，焦虑、抑郁状况，评估居家护理的有效性并比较两组平均住院时间，对患者对居家护理工作满意度进行问卷调查。结果：两组出院后1个月的生活自理能力均有所提高，焦虑、抑郁程度改善，观察组出院后日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)、宗式焦虑量表(SAS)、宗式抑郁量表(SDS)评分均优于对照组，比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组平均住院日短于对照组，患者满意度高于对照组，比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论：居家护理可以提高脑卒中患者的康复效率，具有良好的社会效益和经济效益。
【关键词】 脑卒中； 居家护理； 常规护理
【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the effect and find the existing problems of home nursing in patients with stroke.Method：40 stroke patients in the departments of neurology and rehabilitation in our hospital from May 2012 to January 2014 were selected as the research objects.They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group.The control group was given regular nursing care and the observation group was given home nursing after leaving hospital.Within one month after leaving hospital，the situations of activity of daily living，anxiety and depression in the two groups were compared in order to evaluate the effectiveness of home nursing.The average hospital stays of the two groups were compared and patients’ satisfaction to home nursing was surveyed by questionnaire.Result：Patients’ situations of activity of daily living，anxiety and depression in the two groups were better than before after they left hospital for one month.The mean scores of activity of daily living(ADL)，self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS) in the observation group were better than those in the control group，the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The average hospital stays and patients’ satisfaction of the observation group were better than those of the control group，the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion：Home nursing may improve the recovery efficacy of patients with stroke.It has good social and economic benefit.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Stroke； Home nursing； Regular nursing care
First author’s address：The Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 210029，China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2015.31.025
脑卒中具有高发病率、高致残率、高复发率、高死亡率的特点。中国每年新发脑卒中患者约200万人，存活的患者中70%～80%因为残疾不能独立生活[1]。卒中后患者存在心理障碍者高达36.08%[2]。这不仅降低了患者的生活质量，也增加了家庭和社会的负担。由于受到医疗资源、患者经济条件等多方面的限制，脑卒中患者在急性期经过治疗，病情稳定出院后仍然存在功能障碍，后续需要大量的康复训练和指导。许多家庭缺乏康复护理知识和方法，致使大部分患者无法获得持续的照护和治疗，错过最佳康复时间而处于后遗症期[3]。本院自2012年5月以来，为出院后的脑卒中患者提供居家护理，取得了良好的效果，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2012年5月-2014年1月于本院神经内科与神经康复科出院的脑卒中患者40例作为研究对象。入选标准：(1)符合1995年全国第四次脑血管病学术会议制订的脑卒中诊断标准；(2)初次发病；(3)出院时改良巴氏指数(ADL)<60分，神志清楚，无失语、无认知障碍。采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(常规护理组)21例和观察组(居家护理组)19例。对照组年龄32～78岁，观察组年龄40～84岁，两组一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性，见表1。, 百拇医药(高飞 黄绍春 于灿萍 方军 仇海燕)
【关键词】 脑卒中； 居家护理； 常规护理
【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the effect and find the existing problems of home nursing in patients with stroke.Method：40 stroke patients in the departments of neurology and rehabilitation in our hospital from May 2012 to January 2014 were selected as the research objects.They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group.The control group was given regular nursing care and the observation group was given home nursing after leaving hospital.Within one month after leaving hospital，the situations of activity of daily living，anxiety and depression in the two groups were compared in order to evaluate the effectiveness of home nursing.The average hospital stays of the two groups were compared and patients’ satisfaction to home nursing was surveyed by questionnaire.Result：Patients’ situations of activity of daily living，anxiety and depression in the two groups were better than before after they left hospital for one month.The mean scores of activity of daily living(ADL)，self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS) in the observation group were better than those in the control group，the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The average hospital stays and patients’ satisfaction of the observation group were better than those of the control group，the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion：Home nursing may improve the recovery efficacy of patients with stroke.It has good social and economic benefit.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Stroke； Home nursing； Regular nursing care
First author’s address：The Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 210029，China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2015.31.025
脑卒中具有高发病率、高致残率、高复发率、高死亡率的特点。中国每年新发脑卒中患者约200万人，存活的患者中70%～80%因为残疾不能独立生活[1]。卒中后患者存在心理障碍者高达36.08%[2]。这不仅降低了患者的生活质量，也增加了家庭和社会的负担。由于受到医疗资源、患者经济条件等多方面的限制，脑卒中患者在急性期经过治疗，病情稳定出院后仍然存在功能障碍，后续需要大量的康复训练和指导。许多家庭缺乏康复护理知识和方法，致使大部分患者无法获得持续的照护和治疗，错过最佳康复时间而处于后遗症期[3]。本院自2012年5月以来，为出院后的脑卒中患者提供居家护理，取得了良好的效果，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2012年5月-2014年1月于本院神经内科与神经康复科出院的脑卒中患者40例作为研究对象。入选标准：(1)符合1995年全国第四次脑血管病学术会议制订的脑卒中诊断标准；(2)初次发病；(3)出院时改良巴氏指数(ADL)<60分，神志清楚，无失语、无认知障碍。采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(常规护理组)21例和观察组(居家护理组)19例。对照组年龄32～78岁，观察组年龄40～84岁，两组一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性，见表1。, 百拇医药(高飞 黄绍春 于灿萍 方军 仇海燕)