梅州地区急性中毒患者原因调查分析及应对策略(1)
【摘要】 目的：调查和分析梅州地区急性中毒原因与流行病学特点，提出应对策略。方法：采用回顾性研究方法，对2012-2014年本院收治的急性中毒患者的性别、年龄、职业、发生时间、发生地点、中毒原因、患者來源、毒物种类、中毒物质名称、毒物侵入途径、急诊诊断、去向及转归等项目进行调查统计分析。结果：2012-2014年本院急诊科室收治559例急性中毒患者，男230例，女329例，女性多于男性。平均年龄(38.7±5.9)岁，主要集中于21～40岁。中毒患者直接来本院就诊448例(80.1%)，由外院转诊111例(19.9%)，农村患者多于城镇患者。急性中毒患者职业以农民、民工和待业人员居多。中毒时间集中于1～2月、5～6月和11～12月。中毒途径中口服中毒比较常见，占67.5%。自杀是中毒的主要原因，因家庭纠纷、恋爱婚姻等问题自杀的患者较集中。主要毒物为有机磷农药、一氧化碳和酒精。有机磷农药与镇静催眠药中毒患者，女性病例数明显多于男性。酒精中毒患者，男性病例数显著多于女性。559例急诊中毒患者，痊愈出院462例(82.6%)，病情好转出院78例(14.0%)，死亡19例(3.4%)。结论：根据本地区急性中毒的流行病学特点，制定应对策略，从而降低中毒发生率及致残率，减轻患者的经济负担，创造良好的社会效益。
【关键词】 急性中毒； 调查分析； 应对策略
Analysis on Reasons and Coping Strategies in Patients with Acute Poisoning in Meizhou Area/HUANG Zuo-cai，XU Zhao-zhu，ZHU Yuan-gao，et al.//Medical Innovation of China，2017，14(02)：087-090
【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate and analyze the causes and epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning in Meizhou Area，and putting forward the coping Strategies.Method：Retrospective analysis of survey of acute poisoning patients in our hospital from 2012 to 2014，including gender， age and occupation， occurrence time， place of poisoning， cause of poisoning， source of patients， types of poison， name of toxic substances， the poison invasion way， emergency diagnosis， and prognoses. Finally， the survey results were analyzed statistically. Result：From 2012 to 2014，559 cases of acute poisoning were treated in our hospital emergency department，male 230 cases，female 329 cases，women more than men.Poisoning mean age was (38.7±5.9)years old，mainly concentrated in the 21-40 years old.Poisoning patients directly to the hospital treatment of 448 cases(80.1%)，111 cases(19.9%) were transferred from outside the hospital，the rural patients were higher than those in urban patients.Occupation of acute poisoning patients to farmers，migrant workers and unemployed majority.The number of cases of poisoning from January to February，May to June and November to December was relatively high.Oral poisoningare more common in poisoning pathways，accounting for about 67.5%.Suicide is the main cause of poisoning，because of family disputes，love marriage and other suicidal patients were more concentrated.The main toxicants are organophosphorus pesticides，carbon monoxide and alcohol.The organophosphorus pesticides and sedative hypnotics poisoning patients，women were significantly more than men.Alcoholism patients，male cases were significantly higher than women.462 cases(82.8%) were cured，78 cases(13.8%) were improved and 19 cases(3.4%) died.Conclusion：According to the epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning in the region to develop coping strategies to reduce the incidence of poisoning and disability， reduce the economic burden on patients and create a good social benefits., http://www.100md.com(黄佐才 徐招柱 朱远高 石佳泉 李国贤)
【关键词】 急性中毒； 调查分析； 应对策略
Analysis on Reasons and Coping Strategies in Patients with Acute Poisoning in Meizhou Area/HUANG Zuo-cai，XU Zhao-zhu，ZHU Yuan-gao，et al.//Medical Innovation of China，2017，14(02)：087-090
【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate and analyze the causes and epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning in Meizhou Area，and putting forward the coping Strategies.Method：Retrospective analysis of survey of acute poisoning patients in our hospital from 2012 to 2014，including gender， age and occupation， occurrence time， place of poisoning， cause of poisoning， source of patients， types of poison， name of toxic substances， the poison invasion way， emergency diagnosis， and prognoses. Finally， the survey results were analyzed statistically. Result：From 2012 to 2014，559 cases of acute poisoning were treated in our hospital emergency department，male 230 cases，female 329 cases，women more than men.Poisoning mean age was (38.7±5.9)years old，mainly concentrated in the 21-40 years old.Poisoning patients directly to the hospital treatment of 448 cases(80.1%)，111 cases(19.9%) were transferred from outside the hospital，the rural patients were higher than those in urban patients.Occupation of acute poisoning patients to farmers，migrant workers and unemployed majority.The number of cases of poisoning from January to February，May to June and November to December was relatively high.Oral poisoningare more common in poisoning pathways，accounting for about 67.5%.Suicide is the main cause of poisoning，because of family disputes，love marriage and other suicidal patients were more concentrated.The main toxicants are organophosphorus pesticides，carbon monoxide and alcohol.The organophosphorus pesticides and sedative hypnotics poisoning patients，women were significantly more than men.Alcoholism patients，male cases were significantly higher than women.462 cases(82.8%) were cured，78 cases(13.8%) were improved and 19 cases(3.4%) died.Conclusion：According to the epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning in the region to develop coping strategies to reduce the incidence of poisoning and disability， reduce the economic burden on patients and create a good social benefits., http://www.100md.com(黄佐才 徐招柱 朱远高 石佳泉 李国贤)