青中年血透患者低社会支持度横断面分析(1)
【摘要】 目的：分析低社会支持度的青中年血透患者，在社会支持评定量表的个体社会关系维度中各因素的差异及对回归社会继续工作的影响力度。方法：使用《社会支持评定量表(SSRS)》做问卷，调查广东省四家三甲医院血液净化中心符合条件的青中年血透患者，以记分的形式将<40分的问卷样本归类为低社会支持度人群，用统计学方法分析各因素的统计学意义并做相关陈述。结果：低社会支持度的样本占总样本量的61.0%。客观支持因素中关系密切可以得到支持和帮助的朋友、近一年来低支持度患者的居所情况、与邻居关系和同事关系情况各个选项比较，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。主观支持因素中家庭成员的支持和照顾主要来源于父母和夫妻，在遇到急难情况时，曾经得到的经济支持或解决实际问题的帮助、安慰和关心来源，各因素比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：影响青中年血透患者回归社会继续工作的主要因素是人际交往和家属及亲朋好友的支持。
【关键词】 血透； 社会支持度； 横断面
Cross Sectional Analysis of Low Social Support in Young and Middle-aged Patients with Hemodialysis/HE Qing-xuan，HE Xing-lai，LYU Wei，et al.//Medical Innovation of China，2017，14(03)：069-072
【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the low degree of social support young and middle-aged patients with hemodialysis，in the social support rating scale of the individual social relations in the dimension of the differences between the factors and the impact of the continuing work of the society.Method：The use of 《Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS)》on the questionnaire survey in Guangdong province，four hospitals in blood purification center in accordance with the conditions of the young and middle-aged patients，in the form of questionnaire sample <40 points were classified into the low social support group，with statistical methods the statistical significance of each factor were analyzed and did the relevant statements.Result：Low degree of social support accounted for 61.0% of the total sample size of sample.The objective of supporting factors closely related to get support and help of friends，nearly a year low support with the home situation，compared with the neighbor relationship and the relationship between colleagues in various options，the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The support and care of family members were mainly from parents and spouses，in case of emergency situations，had received financial support or help solve practical problems，to comfort and care，there were statistically significant differences in each factor comparison(P<0.05).Conclusion：The main factors affecting the return to social work of young and middle-aged patients with hemodialysis are interpersonal communication and the support of family members and relatives and friends
【Key words】 Hemodialysis； Social support； Cross section
First-author’s address：The First People’s Hospital of Shaoguan City，Shaoguan 512000，China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.03.020
慢性腎脏病(Chronic kidney disease，CKD)是一种慢性进展性疾病，治疗困难，花费巨大。我国成年人群中CKD的患病率为10.8%，以此数据估计，我国约有CKD患者1.195亿，这表明该病已成为我国不可忽视的公共卫生问题[1-2]。血液透析是临床上治疗终末期慢性肾功能衰竭患者的重要治疗手段之一。目前CDK进入终末期肾病(End stagerenal disease，ESRD)，全球约有150万以上尿毒症患者依靠血液透析治疗和肾移植来维持生命的延续[3]。我国经济水平不高，人均占有的卫生经费很少，而终末期肾病患者的透析和众多并发症对其家庭、社会保障部门乃至整个社会造成的影响远胜于发达国家。我国医疗保障体制还不健全，医疗费用的个人支付比例依然是患者的沉重负担[4]。随着我国经济发展和医疗保障制度的不断完善，以及血液透析技术的提高，尿毒症患者的生存期限得以延长。伴随生命延续的同时，患者可能受疾病本身、透析合并症及家庭社会的影响，产生各种心理压力[5]。面对一系列的压力，患者的紧张情绪在得不到缓解时，会致使其出现诸多的心理问题，如自我概念紊乱，对未来的不确定感和对家人的愧疚[6]。为了减少心理问题，提高血透患者特别是青中年患者的生存质量，使他们大部分回归社会，能够适当地工作、社交，进一步减轻社会问题和家庭负担。血透专科医护工作者有责任和义务让青中年维持透析患者从多角度认识自己，发现自我价值重拾信心，主动重新回归社会中去。为了能更好的服务于这个特殊的人群，笔者联合了广东省其他三家三级甲等医院的血透中心，历时30个月，作为2015年韶关市卫生计生科研计划项目立项共同完成。现将相关资料报告如下。, http://www.100md.com(何庆宣 何兴来 吕薇 熊玉婉)
【关键词】 血透； 社会支持度； 横断面
Cross Sectional Analysis of Low Social Support in Young and Middle-aged Patients with Hemodialysis/HE Qing-xuan，HE Xing-lai，LYU Wei，et al.//Medical Innovation of China，2017，14(03)：069-072
【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the low degree of social support young and middle-aged patients with hemodialysis，in the social support rating scale of the individual social relations in the dimension of the differences between the factors and the impact of the continuing work of the society.Method：The use of 《Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS)》on the questionnaire survey in Guangdong province，four hospitals in blood purification center in accordance with the conditions of the young and middle-aged patients，in the form of questionnaire sample <40 points were classified into the low social support group，with statistical methods the statistical significance of each factor were analyzed and did the relevant statements.Result：Low degree of social support accounted for 61.0% of the total sample size of sample.The objective of supporting factors closely related to get support and help of friends，nearly a year low support with the home situation，compared with the neighbor relationship and the relationship between colleagues in various options，the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The support and care of family members were mainly from parents and spouses，in case of emergency situations，had received financial support or help solve practical problems，to comfort and care，there were statistically significant differences in each factor comparison(P<0.05).Conclusion：The main factors affecting the return to social work of young and middle-aged patients with hemodialysis are interpersonal communication and the support of family members and relatives and friends
【Key words】 Hemodialysis； Social support； Cross section
First-author’s address：The First People’s Hospital of Shaoguan City，Shaoguan 512000，China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.03.020
慢性腎脏病(Chronic kidney disease，CKD)是一种慢性进展性疾病，治疗困难，花费巨大。我国成年人群中CKD的患病率为10.8%，以此数据估计，我国约有CKD患者1.195亿，这表明该病已成为我国不可忽视的公共卫生问题[1-2]。血液透析是临床上治疗终末期慢性肾功能衰竭患者的重要治疗手段之一。目前CDK进入终末期肾病(End stagerenal disease，ESRD)，全球约有150万以上尿毒症患者依靠血液透析治疗和肾移植来维持生命的延续[3]。我国经济水平不高，人均占有的卫生经费很少，而终末期肾病患者的透析和众多并发症对其家庭、社会保障部门乃至整个社会造成的影响远胜于发达国家。我国医疗保障体制还不健全，医疗费用的个人支付比例依然是患者的沉重负担[4]。随着我国经济发展和医疗保障制度的不断完善，以及血液透析技术的提高，尿毒症患者的生存期限得以延长。伴随生命延续的同时，患者可能受疾病本身、透析合并症及家庭社会的影响，产生各种心理压力[5]。面对一系列的压力，患者的紧张情绪在得不到缓解时，会致使其出现诸多的心理问题，如自我概念紊乱，对未来的不确定感和对家人的愧疚[6]。为了减少心理问题，提高血透患者特别是青中年患者的生存质量，使他们大部分回归社会，能够适当地工作、社交，进一步减轻社会问题和家庭负担。血透专科医护工作者有责任和义务让青中年维持透析患者从多角度认识自己，发现自我价值重拾信心，主动重新回归社会中去。为了能更好的服务于这个特殊的人群，笔者联合了广东省其他三家三级甲等医院的血透中心，历时30个月，作为2015年韶关市卫生计生科研计划项目立项共同完成。现将相关资料报告如下。, http://www.100md.com(何庆宣 何兴来 吕薇 熊玉婉)