C形臂透视下双人复位弹性髓内钉治疗儿童长骨干骨折的临床研究(1)
【摘要】 目的:探讨C形臂透视下双人复位弹性髓内钉治疗儿童长骨干骨折的临床效果。方法:选取2016年8月-2018年9月本院收治的长骨干骨折患儿86例,按治疗方法不同分为研究组和对照组,各43例。研究组给予C形臂透视下双人复位弹性髓内钉治疗,对照组给予切开复位钢板固定术。比较两组临床疗效。结果:研究组术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间及并发症发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组骨折愈合优良率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:C形臂透视下双人复位弹性髓内钉治疗儿童长骨干骨折临床效果显著,能有效提高骨折愈合率,且创伤小、恢复快、并发症少,值得临床推广应用。
【关键词】 C形臂透视 双人复位 弹性髓内钉 长骨干骨折
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of double reduction elastic intramedullary nail in the treatment of long bone fracture in children with C-arm fluoroscopy. Method: A total of 86 children with long bone fractures admitted to our hospital from August 2016 to September 2018 were selected. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into study group and control group, 43 cases in each group. The study group was treated with double reduction elastic intramedullary nail under C-arm fluoroscopy, and the control group was treated with open reduction and plate fixation. The clinical efficacy of the two groups were compared. Result: The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, hospitalization time and complication rate in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The excellent rate of fracture healing in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical effect of double reduction elastic intramedullary nail under C-arm fluoroscopy in the treatment of children with long bone fractures is remarkable, it can effectively improve the rate of fracture healing, with less trauma, faster recovery and fewer complications, which is worthy of clinical application.
[Key words] C-arm perspective Double reduction Elastic intramedullary nail Long bone fracture
First-author’s address: Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.32.032
长骨骨干骨折是儿童骨折中的常见类型,由于儿童骨折具有自主塑形修复好、纠正骨折错位能力大的特点,以往多采用闭合复位加外固定等保守治疗[1-2]。但因儿童活泼好动、自制力差的特性,加之该法制动时间长、术后需反复调整复位、护理困难等因素,常导致骨折畸形愈合、关节僵硬等情况,给患儿及其家庭带来较大负担[3-4]。随着近年来材料科学和内固定技术的发展,手术治疗儿童四肢长骨干骨折逐渐被接受,成为一种重要治疗手段[5]。弹性髓内钉是一种新型的骨科微创技术,具有损伤小、骨折复位好、恢复快以及并发症少等优点,目前被广泛应用于儿童长骨干骨折的治疗中[6]。本研究针对长骨干骨折患儿采用C形臂透视下双人复位弹性髓内钉治疗,临床疗效满意。现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2016年8月-2018年9月本院收治的长骨干骨折患儿86例。纳入标准:符合长骨干骨折的诊断标准,经X线片检查确诊为新鲜单侧单一长骨骨干闭合性骨折,具有手术指征;排除标准:患肢合并重要血管神经损伤,陈旧性骨折、开放性骨折,合并其他部位骨折及严重损伤,凝血功能障碍及心肺肝肾严重功能障碍者。按治疗方法不同分为研究组和对照组,各43例。所有患儿家属均知情同意并签署知情同意书,本研究已经医院伦理委员会批准。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 研究组 给予C形臂透视下双人复位弹性髓内钉治疗。弹性髓内钉采用厦门大博医疗科技股份有限公司生产的ZYT型钛合金弹性髓内钉,C型臂X线机采用德国奇目公司生产的SOLO型移动一体式C型臂X线机。具体操作方法:患儿取仰卧位,行气管插管全身麻醉,用铅板和铅帽保护头和生殖器等部位。在C形臂X线机透视下行双人手法复位初步复位骨折,助手分别握紧患肢的远近端及关节,以身体后仰行对抗牵引2~3 min,术者再施以挤压、捺正、回旋等手法,纠正骨折部位移位,达到骨折远近端大致对位。在患肢骺板近骨折端1.5~2.0 cm处做一长约作2 cm的切口,钝性分离达骨膜,用开路器垂直骨干钻孔,与骨干成45°角进钉到达对侧皮质,以便髓内针置入。根据患者的骨折范围选择两根合适直径的钛合金弹性髓内钉,置入前充分预弯至“C”形,弧形的高度为髓腔内径的3倍,于C型臂X線机透视下将其打入骨折端并推进到骨折平面处,在透视下行骨折复位后继续进针直至骨折处,以交叉方式进行固定。最后放置引流管,逐层缝合切口。术后常规使用抗生素不超过1 d,根据骨折稳定程度给予支具保护3周,指导患儿行早期功能训练,定期复查X线片有明显骨痂生长时可去除外固定,术后半年可取出内固定。, 百拇医药(黄秀明 肖婷 徐建兵 袁淦峰 叶山山)
【关键词】 C形臂透视 双人复位 弹性髓内钉 长骨干骨折
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of double reduction elastic intramedullary nail in the treatment of long bone fracture in children with C-arm fluoroscopy. Method: A total of 86 children with long bone fractures admitted to our hospital from August 2016 to September 2018 were selected. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into study group and control group, 43 cases in each group. The study group was treated with double reduction elastic intramedullary nail under C-arm fluoroscopy, and the control group was treated with open reduction and plate fixation. The clinical efficacy of the two groups were compared. Result: The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, hospitalization time and complication rate in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The excellent rate of fracture healing in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical effect of double reduction elastic intramedullary nail under C-arm fluoroscopy in the treatment of children with long bone fractures is remarkable, it can effectively improve the rate of fracture healing, with less trauma, faster recovery and fewer complications, which is worthy of clinical application.
[Key words] C-arm perspective Double reduction Elastic intramedullary nail Long bone fracture
First-author’s address: Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.32.032
长骨骨干骨折是儿童骨折中的常见类型,由于儿童骨折具有自主塑形修复好、纠正骨折错位能力大的特点,以往多采用闭合复位加外固定等保守治疗[1-2]。但因儿童活泼好动、自制力差的特性,加之该法制动时间长、术后需反复调整复位、护理困难等因素,常导致骨折畸形愈合、关节僵硬等情况,给患儿及其家庭带来较大负担[3-4]。随着近年来材料科学和内固定技术的发展,手术治疗儿童四肢长骨干骨折逐渐被接受,成为一种重要治疗手段[5]。弹性髓内钉是一种新型的骨科微创技术,具有损伤小、骨折复位好、恢复快以及并发症少等优点,目前被广泛应用于儿童长骨干骨折的治疗中[6]。本研究针对长骨干骨折患儿采用C形臂透视下双人复位弹性髓内钉治疗,临床疗效满意。现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2016年8月-2018年9月本院收治的长骨干骨折患儿86例。纳入标准:符合长骨干骨折的诊断标准,经X线片检查确诊为新鲜单侧单一长骨骨干闭合性骨折,具有手术指征;排除标准:患肢合并重要血管神经损伤,陈旧性骨折、开放性骨折,合并其他部位骨折及严重损伤,凝血功能障碍及心肺肝肾严重功能障碍者。按治疗方法不同分为研究组和对照组,各43例。所有患儿家属均知情同意并签署知情同意书,本研究已经医院伦理委员会批准。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 研究组 给予C形臂透视下双人复位弹性髓内钉治疗。弹性髓内钉采用厦门大博医疗科技股份有限公司生产的ZYT型钛合金弹性髓内钉,C型臂X线机采用德国奇目公司生产的SOLO型移动一体式C型臂X线机。具体操作方法:患儿取仰卧位,行气管插管全身麻醉,用铅板和铅帽保护头和生殖器等部位。在C形臂X线机透视下行双人手法复位初步复位骨折,助手分别握紧患肢的远近端及关节,以身体后仰行对抗牵引2~3 min,术者再施以挤压、捺正、回旋等手法,纠正骨折部位移位,达到骨折远近端大致对位。在患肢骺板近骨折端1.5~2.0 cm处做一长约作2 cm的切口,钝性分离达骨膜,用开路器垂直骨干钻孔,与骨干成45°角进钉到达对侧皮质,以便髓内针置入。根据患者的骨折范围选择两根合适直径的钛合金弹性髓内钉,置入前充分预弯至“C”形,弧形的高度为髓腔内径的3倍,于C型臂X線机透视下将其打入骨折端并推进到骨折平面处,在透视下行骨折复位后继续进针直至骨折处,以交叉方式进行固定。最后放置引流管,逐层缝合切口。术后常规使用抗生素不超过1 d,根据骨折稳定程度给予支具保护3周,指导患儿行早期功能训练,定期复查X线片有明显骨痂生长时可去除外固定,术后半年可取出内固定。, 百拇医药(黄秀明 肖婷 徐建兵 袁淦峰 叶山山)