任晓宇 周白丽

    【摘要】 血脂异常是导致动脉粥样硬化最重要的危险因素。脂蛋白a[Lp (a)]和载脂蛋白B(Apo B)是两个重要的指标。本质上，它们是两种特殊类型的脂蛋白胆固醇，主要参与脂质代谢和胆固醇在体内的转运。它们在动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用，Lp (a)也是导致动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的独立危险因素。目前有相关研究已经表明Lp (a)、Apo B对于本病的防治有重大应用价值，并将此作为疾病风险评估指标，指导相关的临床决策。本文综述了Lp (a)和Apo B的结构和代谢特性，动脉粥样硬化过程中涉及的机制，动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的预防和治疗及研究进展。

    【关键词】 脂蛋白a 载脂蛋白B 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病

    [Abstract] Dyslipidemia is the most important risk factor leading to atherosclerosis. Lipoprotein a [Lp (a)] and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) are two important indicators. Essentially， they are two special types of lipoprotein cholesterol that are mainly involved in lipid metabolism and cholesterol transport in the body. They play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis， and Lp (a) is also an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.At present， relevant studies have shown that Lp (a) and Apo B have great application value in the prevention and treatment of this coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD)， and they are used as disease risk assessment indicators to guide relevant clinical decisions. This article reviews the structure and metabolic properties of Lp (a) and Apo B ......