一所小学流感暴发原因的研究
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【摘要】目的了解垫江县福安小学流感暴发流行状况。方法对该校教职工65人、学生1491人进行逐个体检和流行病学调查。结果四年级罹患率为(100/198)50.51%明显高于其他年级；小学部罹患率(326/799)40.80%，明显高于初中部(16/366)4.37%；有流感疫苗接种史占0.58%；疫情漏报率75%。结论实验检测此次暴发是由B型流感病毒所引起，造成此次暴发的原因：一是未接种过流感疫苗的儿童无免疫力，加之春季正置流感病毒生存繁殖，有传染源进入就会发病；二是首发病例未及时报告,没有得到及时处理,就造成传播；三是村级疫情报告报告极差，导致许多病例未实行隔离治疗仍在校就读使其传播达12 d。因此，就造成了此次暴发长达14 d，经过了5个流行周期。
【关键词】学生；流感；暴发；研究
A primary cause of influenza outbreaks WU Shu-ming,YU Yong-jiang,YU Dong.Center for Disease Control and Prevention Dianjiang County, Dianjiang 408300,China
【Abstract】ObjectiveDianjiang Fu Primary influenza outbreak situation. Methods65 school faculty, medical students in 1491 were by-and epidemiological investigation. Results The four-year attack rate (100/198) 50.51% higher than other grades; Primary attack rate (326/799) 40.80%, significantly higher than middle school (16/366) 4.37%; the history of influenza vaccination accounting for 0.58%;75% false negative rate of the epidemic. Conclusion Laboratory testing of the outbreak is caused by type B influenza virus,causing the current outbreak of reasons:First, non-vaccinated children had no immunity to influenza vaccine,coupled with the spring is set to influenza virus survival and reproduction,the source of infection into the will be disease;the second is not to report first case, did not receive timely treatment,and causing transmission;Third Report of the village poor disease reporting,resulting in many cases to implement isolation and treatment are still not attending school to spread up to 12 days ......
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