【摘要】 急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury，AKI)是危重疾病患者常见的合并症。尽管目前医疗技术水平较前有了明显进步，但诊断的滞后性使AKI的患者病死率仍很高。AKI早期诊断并及早干预治疗，对于改善患者预后及患者的病死率有重要的临床意义。因此，本文在此对AKI的诊断标准、早期诊断的生物学标志物及超声影像学的研究进展做一综述。

    【关键词】 超声造影； 急性肾损伤； 诊断

    中图分类号 R445.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1674-6805(2016)15-0161-03

    【Abstract】 Acute kidney injury(AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients.Though the medical technology has significantly progressed，the mortality is still high in patients with AKI caused by the hysteresis of diagnosis.Early diagnosis and intervention treatment on AKI have important clinical significance for improving the prognosis and reducing the mortality of critically ill patients.In this paper ......