乳腺癌术后不同年龄段患者对延伸服务需求的调查分析(1)
【摘要】 目的：了解乳腺癌术后不同年龄段患者对护理延伸服务的需求，为各年龄段乳腺癌术后患者开展个体化护理延伸服务提供依据。方法：应用自行设计的调查问卷，对2015年3月-2016年11月住院手术的乳腺癌患者160例进行问卷调查，按年龄段30～40岁、41～50岁、51～60岁、61～70岁分组，分析不同年龄段患者对护理延伸服务需求的差异。结果：4个年龄段患者对伤口及引流管护理的注意事项、术后饮食的注意事项、放化疗期间常见不适及处理方法这3项内容均表示需要(分值>2.5)，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，而对其他10项内容的需求程度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，其中大部分患者表示不需要乳房保健及乳房自查的方法、乳房重建的知识、术后性生活相关知识、术后患者有关生育方面的知识这4项护理延伸服务(分值≤2.5)，并且年龄越大，对后3项的需求程度越低。结论：不同年龄段乳腺癌术后患者对本文研究的13项护理延伸服务需求程度存在不同程度的差异，其中在了解乳房重建的知识，术后性生活相关知识和了解术后有关生育方面的知识等的需求存在明顯差异，并与年龄存在正相关关系。因此在临床护理工作中，应重视不同年龄患者需求的差异，并提供针对性护理延伸服务，以更好地满足患者的服务需求。
【关键词】 延伸服务； 乳腺癌术后； 服务需求
doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2017.36.075 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2017)36-0144-03
【Abstract】 Objective：To study extended care demands of different age group of breast cancer patients after operation，which would provide the basis for individualize extended care to them.Method：A total of 160 cases of breast cancer patients after operation，hospitalized from March 2015 to November 2016，were investigated by filling out self-design questionnaire.According to age，the cases were divided into four different groups，which were age from 30 to 40，41 to 50，51 to 60，61 to 70.Result：All the four age groups regarded the the do’s and don’ts incisions and drainage tubes，dietary guidance，and strategies to discomforts during radiotherapy and chemotherapy as needed with no statistical difference(score>2.5，P>0.05)，but expressed obvious differences in demand degree of the other ten items(P<0.05).Most of subjects showed little interest in acquiring knowledge of breast self-examination，breast reconstruction，postoperative sexual life，having children after operations(score≤2.5)，and the demand degree of the last three decreased with age.Conclusion：Breast cancer patients of different age groups have various degrees of demand to the 13 extended cares.And significant differences exist in items of breast reconstruction，postoperative sexual life，having children after operations，of which demand degrees decrease with age.These results suggest that we should pay attention to the different demands of different age group breast cancer patients during our clinic nursing works，so as to provide them individualized extended care and satisfy their requirements better.
【Key words】 Extended care； Postoperative breast cancer； Demand of service
First-author’s address：Xiaolan People’s Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University，Zhongshan 528425，China
乳腺癌是威胁女性生命健康的常见恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率占全身恶性肿瘤的7%～8%，现已居我国女性癌症发病率首位[1-2]。目前乳腺癌以手术治疗为主，辅以化疗、放疗、内分泌治疗。乳腺癌术后乳房缺失改变了患者的自我形象，化疗、放疗所带来的不良反应，降低了自尊，使患者在生理、心理方面发生改变。据报道，治疗期间乳腺癌患者存在的心理问题可表现为焦虑、社交障碍、严重抑郁等，而这些问题都将影响乳腺癌患者疾病的发展和转归，使其生活质量下降[3]。乳腺癌术后患者存在不同的康复问题，实现个体化的多维综合康复和人性化护理既可提高乳腺癌患者的舒适度，放松紧张恐惧、焦虑不安的不良情绪，又能促进疾病的康复，进一步提高生活质量[4-5]。, 百拇医药(胡艳兴 郑美华 夏娜)
【关键词】 延伸服务； 乳腺癌术后； 服务需求
doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2017.36.075 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2017)36-0144-03
【Abstract】 Objective：To study extended care demands of different age group of breast cancer patients after operation，which would provide the basis for individualize extended care to them.Method：A total of 160 cases of breast cancer patients after operation，hospitalized from March 2015 to November 2016，were investigated by filling out self-design questionnaire.According to age，the cases were divided into four different groups，which were age from 30 to 40，41 to 50，51 to 60，61 to 70.Result：All the four age groups regarded the the do’s and don’ts incisions and drainage tubes，dietary guidance，and strategies to discomforts during radiotherapy and chemotherapy as needed with no statistical difference(score>2.5，P>0.05)，but expressed obvious differences in demand degree of the other ten items(P<0.05).Most of subjects showed little interest in acquiring knowledge of breast self-examination，breast reconstruction，postoperative sexual life，having children after operations(score≤2.5)，and the demand degree of the last three decreased with age.Conclusion：Breast cancer patients of different age groups have various degrees of demand to the 13 extended cares.And significant differences exist in items of breast reconstruction，postoperative sexual life，having children after operations，of which demand degrees decrease with age.These results suggest that we should pay attention to the different demands of different age group breast cancer patients during our clinic nursing works，so as to provide them individualized extended care and satisfy their requirements better.
【Key words】 Extended care； Postoperative breast cancer； Demand of service
First-author’s address：Xiaolan People’s Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University，Zhongshan 528425，China
乳腺癌是威胁女性生命健康的常见恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率占全身恶性肿瘤的7%～8%，现已居我国女性癌症发病率首位[1-2]。目前乳腺癌以手术治疗为主，辅以化疗、放疗、内分泌治疗。乳腺癌术后乳房缺失改变了患者的自我形象，化疗、放疗所带来的不良反应，降低了自尊，使患者在生理、心理方面发生改变。据报道，治疗期间乳腺癌患者存在的心理问题可表现为焦虑、社交障碍、严重抑郁等，而这些问题都将影响乳腺癌患者疾病的发展和转归，使其生活质量下降[3]。乳腺癌术后患者存在不同的康复问题，实现个体化的多维综合康复和人性化护理既可提高乳腺癌患者的舒适度，放松紧张恐惧、焦虑不安的不良情绪，又能促进疾病的康复，进一步提高生活质量[4-5]。, 百拇医药(胡艳兴 郑美华 夏娜)