摘要 目的：观察并比较多种危险因素在脑血管病的分布情况。方法：通过查阅2006年7月~2007年12月入住我院神经内科的脑血管病病历档案，回顾性调查脑血管病患者的各种危险因素的存在情况、就诊时间，并分析比较脑梗死、脑出血在这些方面的差别。结果：高血压是脑血管病最突出的危险因素，吸烟、糖尿病、脂代谢紊乱、心房纤颤、颈动脉斑块及TIA是脑梗死的密切相关因素，另外脑出血患者早就诊率明显高于脑梗死患者。结论：脑梗死与脑出血的危险因素差别大，加强脑血管病知识的宣传教育，提高血压、血糖、血脂、心脏病等的知晓率、控制率，戒烟、避免酗酒等，以期降低卒中的发病率。

    关键词 脑梗死；脑出血；危险因素

    Abstract Objective： To study and estimate the risk factors for stroke. Methods： The general data of patients with stroke were obtained from medical records, study the risk factors for stroke and the time to see a doctor, identify them for cerebral infarction (CI) versus intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). Results： Hypertension were the most prominent factor for overall stroke , cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus ,abnormal blood lipid , atrial fibrillation, carotid arteries plaque and transient cerebral ischemia attacks(TIA) were the factors significantly associating with CI as opposed to ICH. The time to [] for people with ICH were earlier . Conclusion ：The factors for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are not the same. Attaching importance to the risk factors for stroke will have important significance to lower the risk of stroke. ......