摘 要目的：了解临床大内、外科系统院内感染的现状，为提高医院感染防制效果提供依据。 方法：床边现场调查与病例调查相结合，对住院病人进行为期1 天的调查。 结果：实查630例住院患者，医院感染率为3.96%，其中内科系统感染6例 (2.28%)，外科系统感染19例(5.18%)，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；大内、外科医院感染部位不同，内科以下呼吸道感染为主，外科以创口感染为主；全院抗菌药物日平均使用率为46.51%，大内科使用率低于大外科(P<0.05)；两科细菌培养以真菌和 G- 杆菌感染为主。 结论：加强外科创口部位感染的控制，规范抗菌药物使用行为，有利于最低限度的降低医院感染发生率。

    关键词 院内感染；现患率；内科；外科

    AbstractObjective：To provide data for the management and controlling of nosocomial infection (NI) by investigating the point-prevalence rates of NI in two different clinical systems. Methods：The one-day prevalence of NI was investigated by both the survey of bed-side and case recorder. Results：Of the 630 surveyed patients, NI prevalence rate was 3.96%, NI prevalence rate in medical and surgical systems was 2.28%, 5.18% respectively (P >0.05). The NI infection site showed difference between the two systems, it focused on lower respiratory tract in the medicine systems while wound site in surgical systems. The percent of antibiotic usage in whole hospital was 46.51%. The average percent of usage in surgical systems was higher than that in medicine department, the difference showed statistical significance (P<0.05). The main pathogens were fungi and G- bacteria. Conclusions：It is necessary to strengthen controlling of wound site infections and the management of clinical antibiotic usage in surgical systems. ......