摘 要miRNA是一类非编码单链小分子RNA，在转录后水平调节基因的表达。最新研究发现miRNA与人类肿瘤密切相关，甚至有些人认为某些miRNA就是癌基因或抑癌基因。在肿瘤组织中，许多miRNAs的表达较周围正常组织具有明显的差异性和独特性，因此miRNA的表达情况可作为肿瘤诊断的标志。miRNA技术也将成为肿瘤预防和治疗的有力手段。

    关键词miRNA；肿瘤

    AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of non-protein-coding small RNAs. Recent studies show that some miRNAs regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis processes that are important in tumor formation. Some miRNAs may function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Many miRNAs are uniquely and differentially expressed in certain cancer tissues as compared with normal adjacent tissues. So miRNA expression profiles may become useful biomarkers for cancer diagnostics. In addition, miRNA therapy could be a powerful tool for cancer prevention and therapeutics.

    KeywordsmiRNA； tumor

    中图分类号：R73 文献标识码：A

    肿瘤是威胁人类最严重的疾病之一 ......