【摘要】 目的：了解儿童孤独症的相关危险因素。方法：对128例儿童孤独症患者家属进行定性访谈和问卷调查。结果：⑴儿童孤独症患者初诊平均年龄4.1±1.2岁；⑵发现症状平均年龄3.6±1.7岁；⑶引起家长注意的症状以不能与同伴建立良好的关系为最常见；⑷母孕期异常者占32.81%；⑸出生月份：11月份出生的患者比例最高，为12.13%，7月份所占比例最低，为3.87%。结论：加强围生期保健工作,加大对准父母的教育，提高孤独症早期识别的能力，有利于减少孤独症的发生以及提高孤独症的治疗效果。

    【Abstract】Objective: To investigate the related risk factors of the autism. Method: the qualitative interview and questionnaire survey were used in this research. Results:(1) the average ages of thefirst visit of the autism was 4.1±1.2 years;(2) the average age of the symptom discovered was 3.6±1.7 years; (3) the most common symptom found by parents is unable to establish the relashionship with the fellow;(4) 32.81% mother of the autism patients had abnormal condition during the pregnancy; (5) the most common month that patients born was November. Conclusions: Strengthening the health care to the graveda during the perinatal period, and improving the early recognition ability will be beneficial to decreasing the incidence and increasing the therapeutic effects of the autism. ......