超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度在心脑血管疾病中的价值探讨(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度在心脑血管疾病中的应用价值。 方法 2012年1月～2014年6月我院超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度共2167例，根据超声检测结果，分为正常组和异常组，统计两组患者心脑血管疾病患病情况。 结果 2167例受检者经超声检测，IMT异常893例(41.21%)，其中，内中膜增厚112例(5.17%)，粥样硬化斑块674例(31.10%)，颈动脉狭窄107例(4.94%)，以轻中度狭窄最为常见，IMT正常组中心血管病发病率为4.95%，异常组为35.95%，两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；正常组中脑血管病发病率为3.53%，异常组为26.88%，两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；IMT异常组中高血压和短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的发病率分别明显高于其他心脑血管疾病，差异具有统计学意义(x2a=6.569，P<0.05；x2b=7.247，P<0.05)。 结论 超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度对心脑血管疾病早期预防、早期诊断、早期干预具有重要意义。
[关键词] 超声；颈动脉内中膜厚度；心脑血管
[中图分类号] R445.1；R54 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616(2015)11-162-03
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the application value of testing carotid intima-media thickness by ultrasound to cardio-cerebro-vascular disease (CCVD). Methods 2167 cases tested carotid intima-media thickness by ultrasound in our hospital during January 2012 to June 2013 were divided into normal group and abnormal group according to the ultrasound attenuation detecting results. And the prevalence situation of CCVD of patients in the two groups was counted. Results 2167 cases were examined by ultrasound in which 893 (41.21%)people's IMT were abnormal. Among them， 112 cases (5.17%)had thickening of their internal medial， 674 cases(31.10%) had atherosclerotic plaque， 107 cases(4.94%) were of carotid artery stenosis in which Mild-to-moderate carotid stenosis was the most common. The morbidity of cardiovascular disease was 4.95% in IMT normal group and 35.95% in abnormal group， it showed a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The incidence of cerebrovascular disease was 3.53% in the normal group， which is significantly different from that of 26.88% in the abnormal group (P<0.05). The rate of hypertension and transient cerebral ischemia (TIA) in IMT abnormal group were markedly higher than other CCVD diseases and the difference was statistically significant(x2a=6.569， P<0.05； x2b=7.247，P<0.05). Conclusion Testing carotid intima-media thickness by ultrasound is of great significance to cardio-cerebro-vascular disease for early prevention， early diagnosis and early intervention.
[Key words] Ultrasound； Carotid intima-media thickness； Cardio-cerebro-vascular disease
据世界卫生组织相关统计，心脑血管疾病已成为引起人类死亡的首要原因[1]，具有高发病率、高致残率及高死亡率等特点，严重威胁人类的健康和生命安全，动脉粥样硬化是其发病的主要病理基础，因此早期发现和诊断动脉粥样硬化对心脑血管疾病早期预防和合理干预，降低心脑血管疾病致残率和死亡率具有重要意义；近年来，随着血管超声诊断技术的不断发展，高分辨率超声成像技术已经能够早期诊断动脉粥样硬化；颈动脉由于位置较为表浅，易于超声检测和观察，因此成为反映全身动脉血管病变的重要窗口，被临床广泛应用于心脑血管疾病的临床诊断；本次研究就超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度在心脑血管疾病中的应用价值进行探讨，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料, 百拇医药(杨丽丽 余凤)
[关键词] 超声；颈动脉内中膜厚度；心脑血管
[中图分类号] R445.1；R54 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616(2015)11-162-03
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the application value of testing carotid intima-media thickness by ultrasound to cardio-cerebro-vascular disease (CCVD). Methods 2167 cases tested carotid intima-media thickness by ultrasound in our hospital during January 2012 to June 2013 were divided into normal group and abnormal group according to the ultrasound attenuation detecting results. And the prevalence situation of CCVD of patients in the two groups was counted. Results 2167 cases were examined by ultrasound in which 893 (41.21%)people's IMT were abnormal. Among them， 112 cases (5.17%)had thickening of their internal medial， 674 cases(31.10%) had atherosclerotic plaque， 107 cases(4.94%) were of carotid artery stenosis in which Mild-to-moderate carotid stenosis was the most common. The morbidity of cardiovascular disease was 4.95% in IMT normal group and 35.95% in abnormal group， it showed a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The incidence of cerebrovascular disease was 3.53% in the normal group， which is significantly different from that of 26.88% in the abnormal group (P<0.05). The rate of hypertension and transient cerebral ischemia (TIA) in IMT abnormal group were markedly higher than other CCVD diseases and the difference was statistically significant(x2a=6.569， P<0.05； x2b=7.247，P<0.05). Conclusion Testing carotid intima-media thickness by ultrasound is of great significance to cardio-cerebro-vascular disease for early prevention， early diagnosis and early intervention.
[Key words] Ultrasound； Carotid intima-media thickness； Cardio-cerebro-vascular disease
据世界卫生组织相关统计，心脑血管疾病已成为引起人类死亡的首要原因[1]，具有高发病率、高致残率及高死亡率等特点，严重威胁人类的健康和生命安全，动脉粥样硬化是其发病的主要病理基础，因此早期发现和诊断动脉粥样硬化对心脑血管疾病早期预防和合理干预，降低心脑血管疾病致残率和死亡率具有重要意义；近年来，随着血管超声诊断技术的不断发展，高分辨率超声成像技术已经能够早期诊断动脉粥样硬化；颈动脉由于位置较为表浅，易于超声检测和观察，因此成为反映全身动脉血管病变的重要窗口，被临床广泛应用于心脑血管疾病的临床诊断；本次研究就超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度在心脑血管疾病中的应用价值进行探讨，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料, 百拇医药(杨丽丽 余凤)