丙泊酚和依托咪酯对神经外科手术患者的临床比较(1)
[摘要] 目的 研究丙泊酚和依托咪酯不同麻醉方法对神经外科手术患者临床效果的影响和比较。方法 选取2015年11月~2016年6月于我院神经外科进行全麻手术患者78例,随机分为丙泊酚组和依托咪酯组,比较两组术中一般情况,比较麻醉诱导前及麻醉后不同时间点SBP、DBP、HR。记录患者术后麻醉苏醒时间、不良反应情况。结果 丙泊酚组T4、T5、T6点SBP值均低于依托咪酯组,T1、T3、T4时间点DBP值均低于托咪酯组,HRT1点显著低于依托咪酯组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与依托咪酯组比较,丙泊酚组出现肌阵挛比例显著降低,苏醒时间显著缩短(P均<0.05)。结论 与丙泊酚相比依托咪酯术后苏醒时间延长,肌痉挛发生率增加。与依托咪酯相比丙泊酚会引起术后血压和心率减低。
[关键词] 丙泊酚;依托咪酯;神经外科手术
[中图分类号] R614 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2017)08-18-04
[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical differences between propofol and etomidate anesthetic for neurosurgery patients. Methods 78 cases with neurosurgery treated with general anesthesia surgery in our hospital from November 2015 to June 2016 were selected as objects. All the patients were divided randomly into propofol group and etomidate group. General condition during operation of two groups was compared. SBP, DBP, HR of two groups before anesthesia induction and after anesthesia were recorded and compared. Postoperative anesthetic revival time and postoperative adverse reactions of two groups were compared. Results SBP at T4, T5, T6 of Propofol group were lower than those of etomidate group,DBP at T1, T3 and T4 were lower than those of etomidate group, and HR at T1 was higher than that of etomidate group, which showed significant difference(P<0.05). Compared with etomidate group, myoclonus ratio of propofol group were lower, and waking time was significantly shortened(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with propofol, awakening time of etomidate is prolonged, and muscle spasm rate of etomidate group iscreases. Compared with etomidate, propofol can cause postoperative blood pressure and heart rate decreases.
[Key words] Propofol; Etomidate; Neurosurgery
丙泊酚是静脉全麻短效药物之一,在神经外科手术中用于麻醉维持和麻醉诱导,其血浆清除率高,半衰期短,同时具有扩张外周血管作用,但无镇痛效果[1-2]。依托咪酯是咪唑类静脉麻醉药物,对心血管稳定无影响,通过血脑屏障快,但具有致癫痫样副作用[3-4]。为了研究丙泊酚和依托咪酯不同麻醉方法对神经外科手术患者临床效果的影响和比较,本研究选取2015年11月~2016年6月与我院神经外科进行全麻手术患者78例,比较两种药物的麻醉效果,分析报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2015年11月~2016年6月与我院神经外科进行全麻手术患者78例,女35例、男43例,年龄18~59岁,平均(57.0± 9.7)岁。入组标准:年龄<80岁;ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ级;神经外科手术;无放疗、化疗、激素应用史和术前输血。排除标准:气道困难,有全麻禁忌证,有药物滥用史。全部患者随机分为丙泊酚组和依托咪酯组,每组39例,两组一般资料比较(P>0.05)。见表1。本研究通过我院临床实验伦理委员会批准,所有患者均对实验知情同意,并签署知情同意书。
1.2 麻醉方法
进入手术室全功能麻醉监护仪监测心电图、心率(heart rate,HR)、收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、麻醉深度(BIS)。麻醉诱导及麻醉维持:丙泊酚组患者采用瑞芬太尼(宜昌人福药业有限责任公司,H20030197)5~15μg/(kg·h)+ 丙泊酚(英国阿斯利康制药公司,H20030427 )6~10mg/(kg·h);依托咪酯組患者采用瑞芬太尼5~15μg/(kg·h) +依托咪酯(江苏恩华药业股份有限公司,H32022999)0.6~1.2mg/(kg·h)。两组术中全麻管理方法相同。两麻醉维持方式静脉泵入瑞芬太尼0.1μg/(kg·min),控制呼气末二氧化碳分压35~45mm Hg。手术进行中根据患者HR和BP波动情况调节麻醉药物使用,维持血压心率稳定在基础值上下20%以内波动。手术结束前30min停止泵入肌松药,手术结束前10min停止全部麻醉药物。手术完毕后,带管送患者至麻醉复苏室,行麻醉复苏监护,待其自然苏醒。至患者反射、呼吸、神志、肌力完全恢复,吸入空气时脉搏氧饱和度10min>95%,拔除气管导管,观察0.5h。, http://www.100md.com(王志杰 李艳 钟秀珍)
[关键词] 丙泊酚;依托咪酯;神经外科手术
[中图分类号] R614 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2017)08-18-04
[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical differences between propofol and etomidate anesthetic for neurosurgery patients. Methods 78 cases with neurosurgery treated with general anesthesia surgery in our hospital from November 2015 to June 2016 were selected as objects. All the patients were divided randomly into propofol group and etomidate group. General condition during operation of two groups was compared. SBP, DBP, HR of two groups before anesthesia induction and after anesthesia were recorded and compared. Postoperative anesthetic revival time and postoperative adverse reactions of two groups were compared. Results SBP at T4, T5, T6 of Propofol group were lower than those of etomidate group,DBP at T1, T3 and T4 were lower than those of etomidate group, and HR at T1 was higher than that of etomidate group, which showed significant difference(P<0.05). Compared with etomidate group, myoclonus ratio of propofol group were lower, and waking time was significantly shortened(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with propofol, awakening time of etomidate is prolonged, and muscle spasm rate of etomidate group iscreases. Compared with etomidate, propofol can cause postoperative blood pressure and heart rate decreases.
[Key words] Propofol; Etomidate; Neurosurgery
丙泊酚是静脉全麻短效药物之一,在神经外科手术中用于麻醉维持和麻醉诱导,其血浆清除率高,半衰期短,同时具有扩张外周血管作用,但无镇痛效果[1-2]。依托咪酯是咪唑类静脉麻醉药物,对心血管稳定无影响,通过血脑屏障快,但具有致癫痫样副作用[3-4]。为了研究丙泊酚和依托咪酯不同麻醉方法对神经外科手术患者临床效果的影响和比较,本研究选取2015年11月~2016年6月与我院神经外科进行全麻手术患者78例,比较两种药物的麻醉效果,分析报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2015年11月~2016年6月与我院神经外科进行全麻手术患者78例,女35例、男43例,年龄18~59岁,平均(57.0± 9.7)岁。入组标准:年龄<80岁;ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ级;神经外科手术;无放疗、化疗、激素应用史和术前输血。排除标准:气道困难,有全麻禁忌证,有药物滥用史。全部患者随机分为丙泊酚组和依托咪酯组,每组39例,两组一般资料比较(P>0.05)。见表1。本研究通过我院临床实验伦理委员会批准,所有患者均对实验知情同意,并签署知情同意书。
1.2 麻醉方法
进入手术室全功能麻醉监护仪监测心电图、心率(heart rate,HR)、收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、麻醉深度(BIS)。麻醉诱导及麻醉维持:丙泊酚组患者采用瑞芬太尼(宜昌人福药业有限责任公司,H20030197)5~15μg/(kg·h)+ 丙泊酚(英国阿斯利康制药公司,H20030427 )6~10mg/(kg·h);依托咪酯組患者采用瑞芬太尼5~15μg/(kg·h) +依托咪酯(江苏恩华药业股份有限公司,H32022999)0.6~1.2mg/(kg·h)。两组术中全麻管理方法相同。两麻醉维持方式静脉泵入瑞芬太尼0.1μg/(kg·min),控制呼气末二氧化碳分压35~45mm Hg。手术进行中根据患者HR和BP波动情况调节麻醉药物使用,维持血压心率稳定在基础值上下20%以内波动。手术结束前30min停止泵入肌松药,手术结束前10min停止全部麻醉药物。手术完毕后,带管送患者至麻醉复苏室,行麻醉复苏监护,待其自然苏醒。至患者反射、呼吸、神志、肌力完全恢复,吸入空气时脉搏氧饱和度10min>95%,拔除气管导管,观察0.5h。, http://www.100md.com(王志杰 李艳 钟秀珍)