In 1987 more specifically，under the impulse of the Montpellier group，a one-week course and 48 hours of internship at centers in Lyon，Montpellier，Paris，Strasbourg led for the first time to an university degree in wakefulness and sleep.The course was a success and two years later was transformed into an interuniversity degree.The following years it was alternating between cities across France.In 2009 an interuniversity degree in sleep and its pathology is established and only taught in Paris.It involves 3 seminaries of 2 days and an internship only being available at 20 sleep centers across the country ......