支气管哮喘慢性持续期不同病位的生命质量和睡眠情况分析(1)

http://www.100md.com 2020年8月1日 《世界睡眠医学杂志》 202008

     摘要 目的：探究与分析支气管哮喘慢性持续期不同病位的生命质量和睡眠情况，以早期识别干预，减少并发症。方法：选取2017年5月至2018年5月广东省中医院门诊收治的支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者277例作为研究对象，按照不同病位可分为：肺哮75例、脾哮22例、肾哮51例、肝哮43例及表哮86例，经成人哮喘生命质量评分表(AQLQ)调查，比较不同病位下生命质量及睡眠情况的差异。结果：经方差分析、事后检验发现，成人哮喘生命质量评分表中关于睡眠情况的第19项，病位“肺”的评分显著高于病位“肾”;评分表中关于睡眠情况的第20项，病位“肺”“脾”“肝”“表”的评分显著高于病位“肾”，肾哮患者睡眠障碍最严重，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在不同病位的生命质量评分由高到低的顺序依次是肺>表>肝>脾>肾，肾哮患者的生命质量最低，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：不同病位与支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者的生命质量及睡眠情况具有一定的相关性，其中以肾哮患者的生命质量及睡眠情况较差，临床上注意早期识别，积极干预，以提高生命质量，改善预后。

    关键词 支气管哮喘;慢性持续期;生命质量;睡眠情况;病位

    Abstract Objective：To explore and analyze the quality of life and sleep of different disease sites in chronic persistent period of bronchial asthma，so as to early identify intervention and reduce complications.Methods：From May 2017 to may 2018，277 patients with chronic persistent bronchial asthma were selected and divided into 75 cases of lung asthma，22 cases of spleen asthma，51 cases of kidney asthma，43 cases of liver asthma and 86 cases of exterior asthma according to different disease positions.The differences of quality of life and sleep conditions under different disease positions were compared by the adult asthma quality of life scale(AQLQ).Results：After analysis of variance and post test，we found that the score of “lung” was significantly higher than that of “kidney” in the 19th item of quality of life scale of adult asthma; the score of “lung”，“spleen”，“liver” and “table” in the score table of sleep condition was significantly higher than that of “kidney”，and the sleep disorder of patients with renal asthma was the most serious There was statistical significance(P<0.05); the order of the quality of life score in different disease sites from high to low was lung>Table>liver>spleen>kidney，and the quality of life of patients with renal asthma was the lowest，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion：There is a certain correlation between different disease location and the quality of life and sleep of patients with chronic persistent bronchial asthma，among which the quality of life and sleep of patients with renal asthma are poor.Early identification and active intervention should be paid attention to in order to improve the quality of life and improve the prognosis.

    Keywords Bronchial asthma; Chronic duration; Quality of life; Sleep status

    中圖分类号：R562.2;R265 文献标识码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.2095-7130.2020.08.004

    支气管哮喘作为一种以气道高反应性、慢性气道炎性反应及可逆性气道阻塞为主要发病特征的呼吸系统疾病，大多数患者在夜间、凌晨发作或加重，普遍存在夜间支气管痉挛，引起睡眠紊乱，影响患者生命质量。该病的发病机制通常与变态反应性气道炎性反应、气道高反应性及神经因素等相关[1]，临床上可带来不同程度的喘息、咳嗽及呼吸困难等症状。中医学将支气管哮喘归纳于“哮病”范畴。认为该病的发生发展与肾不纳气具有密切的相关性，病位在肾的患者病情更重，生命质量及睡眠情况也受到了较大的影响[2]。而哮喘临床症状控制与睡眠紊乱可能相互影响，继而引起生命质量下降。因此在治疗哮喘的同时，也需关注患者睡眠健康，这对提高哮喘控制水平和改善患者生命质量具有重大意义。我院结合支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者不同病位的生命质量和睡眠情况进行分析，现报道如下。(符丽)

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