成人股骨头缺血性坏死的治疗进展(2)
2.2髓芯减压术+血管束植入或带血运骨移植术 虽然采用髓芯减压术联合骨置入术可获得理想疗效,但置入的骨质无血运。目前基础研究认为无血运的植入体仅有少数靠近接受区的骨小梁或骨皮质表明可接收营养而存活,但绝大多数骨质将出现坏死。髓芯减压术+血管束植入或带血运骨移植术通过髓芯减压术可有效减轻骨内压,提供更好的机械支撑,同时血管束植入或带血运骨移植术可更好的恢复血运,重新构造股骨头。目前髓芯减压术+血管束植入或带血运骨移植术临床有大量报道,从各项报道分析来看,其效果是优于髓芯减压术+骨移植术。国内学者许硕贵[19]在利用带旋髂深动脉髂骨、吻合血管游离腓骨移植、带旋髂浅动脉髂骨移植、带旋股外动脉升支髂骨移植及带胫前动脉胫骨骨膜移植均获得了良好的疗效。髓芯减压术联合血管束植入或带血运骨移植术临床效果已经获得公认,但国内学者何伟[20]的一项关于自体或同种异体腓骨联合打压植骨治疗股骨头坏死临床研究结果表明,异体腓骨与自体腓骨作为支撑材料在术后harris评分,术后塌陷纠正或未加重比例相比较均无明显的统计学差异,p>0.05。表明髓芯减压术联合带血运的骨移植术与异体腓骨材料作为支撑物在中期疗效上较为接近,而远期疗效尚待大样本的随机、双盲研究证实。
, http://www.100md.com
2.3 截骨术 股骨头缺血性坏死患者股骨头坏死的速度远超过其正常的修复速度,股骨头的力学性能出现明显爱下降,很难承受正常的符合,若坏死区域位于负重区,则股骨头极易出现塌陷,截骨术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死通过截骨改变股骨头的负重离线,将坏死区从负重区转至非负重区,进而为其修复创造良好的力学条件。国外学者Sugioka[21]采用转子前方旋转截骨术,通过长期随访,效果良好,Scher[22]对45例Ficat III期患者采用转子间外展屈曲联合自体骨移植,优良率高达87%。截骨术效果虽然较为理想,但临床上应根据患者病情情况合理应用,笔者认为截骨术最佳使用范围为45岁以下,Ficat III期的股骨头前外侧坏死的病例,2.4 股骨头表面置换及股骨头再表面化 髓芯减压术联合骨移植,髓芯减压术+血管束植入或带血运骨移植术、截骨术在ANFH治疗中疗效均较为理想,但均有各自的适应症,目前临床上对于软骨下骨塌陷的III-IV期患者,以上各治疗方式均有一定的局限性,部分学者采用股骨头置换术、双极人工股骨头置换以及人工全髋关节置换治疗,获得了满意疗效。国内学者胡铮[23]对23 例( 24 髋) 行生物型双极人工股骨头置换、38 例( 40 髋) 行全髋关节置换术的Ficat III期患者术后随访情况来看,两组患者术后1年的Harris评分分别为88.3 ±8.4分 vs 91.5±6.9分,两组差别不大,而从长期的随访结果来看,全髋关节置换术的Harris评分显著高于双极人工股骨头置换术、疼痛发生率及翻修率均显著低于双极人工股骨头置换术,P <0.05。
, 百拇医药
参考文献
[1] Al-Qattan M M. Nonunion and avascular necrosis following phalangeal neck fractures in children[J]. The Journal of hand surgery, 2010, 35(8): 1269-1274.
[2] Mont MA, airbank AC,Krackow KA,et al.Corrective osteotomy for osteonecrosis
of the femoral head.J Bone Joint Surg Am 1996@78(7):1032- 8
[3] 帕力哈提·白克吐尔逊,彭昊.股骨头缺血性坏死药物治疗进展[J].中国矫形外科杂志,2012,20(1):62-63.
, http://www.100md.com
[4] Muhammad A,Matas AJ,Michael K,et al. Does statin usage reduce the risk of corticosteroid -related osteonecrosis in renal transplant population[J].Orthopedic Clinics of North America,2009,2: 235-239.
[5] Nagasawa K,Taya Y,Koarada S,et al. Prevention of steroid induced osteonecrosis of femoral head in systemic lupus erythematosus by anticoagulant[J].Lupus,2006,6: 354-357.
[6] Glueck,Freiberg,Sieve L,et al. Enoxaparin prevents progression of stages I and II osteonecrosis of the hip[J].Clin Orthop Relat Res,2005,435: 164-170.
, 百拇医药
[7] Matsumoto K,Ichiseki. Oxidative stress on idiopathic osteonecrosis[J].Clinical Calcium,2007,6: 887 -891.
[8] Ichiseki,Matsumoto,Nishino,et al. Oxidative stress and vascularpermeability in steroid - induced osteonecrosis model[J].oumai ofOrthopaedic Science,2004,5: 509 - 515.
[9] Ramachandran M,Ward K,Brown RR,et al. Intravenous bisphosphonate therapy for traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in adolescents[J].J Bone Joint Surg Am,2007,8: 1727 -1734.
, 百拇医药
[10] Iwamoto J,Sato Y,Takeda T,et al. Hip fracture protection by alendronate treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a review of the literature[J].Clinical Interventions in Aging,2008,3483-3489.
[11] 何伟,徐传毅,樊粤光,等. 活血化瘀中药对激素性股骨头坏死血浆TXB2与6-keto-PGF1α影响的实验研究[J].中国骨伤,2002,15(9):531-532.
[12] Daruwalla J, Christophi C. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for m alignancy: a review[J].World journal of surgery, 2006, 30(12): 2112-2131., http://www.100md.com(余文君)
, http://www.100md.com
2.3 截骨术 股骨头缺血性坏死患者股骨头坏死的速度远超过其正常的修复速度,股骨头的力学性能出现明显爱下降,很难承受正常的符合,若坏死区域位于负重区,则股骨头极易出现塌陷,截骨术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死通过截骨改变股骨头的负重离线,将坏死区从负重区转至非负重区,进而为其修复创造良好的力学条件。国外学者Sugioka[21]采用转子前方旋转截骨术,通过长期随访,效果良好,Scher[22]对45例Ficat III期患者采用转子间外展屈曲联合自体骨移植,优良率高达87%。截骨术效果虽然较为理想,但临床上应根据患者病情情况合理应用,笔者认为截骨术最佳使用范围为45岁以下,Ficat III期的股骨头前外侧坏死的病例,2.4 股骨头表面置换及股骨头再表面化 髓芯减压术联合骨移植,髓芯减压术+血管束植入或带血运骨移植术、截骨术在ANFH治疗中疗效均较为理想,但均有各自的适应症,目前临床上对于软骨下骨塌陷的III-IV期患者,以上各治疗方式均有一定的局限性,部分学者采用股骨头置换术、双极人工股骨头置换以及人工全髋关节置换治疗,获得了满意疗效。国内学者胡铮[23]对23 例( 24 髋) 行生物型双极人工股骨头置换、38 例( 40 髋) 行全髋关节置换术的Ficat III期患者术后随访情况来看,两组患者术后1年的Harris评分分别为88.3 ±8.4分 vs 91.5±6.9分,两组差别不大,而从长期的随访结果来看,全髋关节置换术的Harris评分显著高于双极人工股骨头置换术、疼痛发生率及翻修率均显著低于双极人工股骨头置换术,P <0.05。
, 百拇医药
参考文献
[1] Al-Qattan M M. Nonunion and avascular necrosis following phalangeal neck fractures in children[J]. The Journal of hand surgery, 2010, 35(8): 1269-1274.
[2] Mont MA, airbank AC,Krackow KA,et al.Corrective osteotomy for osteonecrosis
of the femoral head.J Bone Joint Surg Am 1996@78(7):1032- 8
[3] 帕力哈提·白克吐尔逊,彭昊.股骨头缺血性坏死药物治疗进展[J].中国矫形外科杂志,2012,20(1):62-63.
, http://www.100md.com
[4] Muhammad A,Matas AJ,Michael K,et al. Does statin usage reduce the risk of corticosteroid -related osteonecrosis in renal transplant population[J].Orthopedic Clinics of North America,2009,2: 235-239.
[5] Nagasawa K,Taya Y,Koarada S,et al. Prevention of steroid induced osteonecrosis of femoral head in systemic lupus erythematosus by anticoagulant[J].Lupus,2006,6: 354-357.
[6] Glueck,Freiberg,Sieve L,et al. Enoxaparin prevents progression of stages I and II osteonecrosis of the hip[J].Clin Orthop Relat Res,2005,435: 164-170.
, 百拇医药
[7] Matsumoto K,Ichiseki. Oxidative stress on idiopathic osteonecrosis[J].Clinical Calcium,2007,6: 887 -891.
[8] Ichiseki,Matsumoto,Nishino,et al. Oxidative stress and vascularpermeability in steroid - induced osteonecrosis model[J].oumai ofOrthopaedic Science,2004,5: 509 - 515.
[9] Ramachandran M,Ward K,Brown RR,et al. Intravenous bisphosphonate therapy for traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in adolescents[J].J Bone Joint Surg Am,2007,8: 1727 -1734.
, 百拇医药
[10] Iwamoto J,Sato Y,Takeda T,et al. Hip fracture protection by alendronate treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a review of the literature[J].Clinical Interventions in Aging,2008,3483-3489.
[11] 何伟,徐传毅,樊粤光,等. 活血化瘀中药对激素性股骨头坏死血浆TXB2与6-keto-PGF1α影响的实验研究[J].中国骨伤,2002,15(9):531-532.
[12] Daruwalla J, Christophi C. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for m alignancy: a review[J].World journal of surgery, 2006, 30(12): 2112-2131., http://www.100md.com(余文君)