张晓明

    (美国堪萨斯大学医学院 解剖及细胞生物学系，3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA)

    In a multicellular organism, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is generally composed of cells, fibers, and ground substances. ECM functions as a structural supporting framework to the cells and tissues surrounding it. It bears the tension from the cells and tissues, stores materials and molecules, provides pathways for cells and molecules to migrate, and stands as a “ground” for cells during growth and regeneration.

    Embryogenesis starts with one single cell - a fertilized egg. Along with cell division, ECM is produced and laid around cells. The more complicated the embryo develops, the more ECM appears. What is the function of the ECM during this developmental process?

    Tissue injuries cause cell loss and create gaps in tissues. Trauma may cause loss of body parts such as limbs. When repairing wounds or healing trauma, cells proliferate and ECM is also produced. Can missing body parts be regenerated? What is the function of ECM during wound healing and regeneration process?

    Extensive research work has been carried out to answer these questions. One model system provides a great advantage in this effort. This model system is a fresh water animal,hydra. ......