婵犵數濮烽。钘壩i崨鏉戠;闁规崘娉涚欢銈呂旈敐鍛殲闁稿顑夐弻锝呂熷▎鎯ф閺夆晜绻堝铏规崉閵娿儲鐝㈤梺鐟板殩閹凤拷
闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炴牠顢曢敂钘変罕闂婎偄娲︾粙鎴犵玻濡ゅ懎绠规繛锝庡墮婵″ジ鏌涢妸銉モ偓鍧楀蓟閵娾晜鍋嗛柛灞剧☉椤忥拷: 闂傚倷娴囬褍霉閻戣棄鏋佸┑鐘宠壘绾捐鈹戦悩鍙夋悙缂佹劖顨婇弻锟犲炊閳轰焦鐏侀梺宕囨嚀缁夋挳鍩為幋锔藉亹闁告瑥顦伴幃娆忊攽閳藉棗浜濋柨鏇樺灲瀵鈽夐姀鐘栥劑鏌曡箛濠傚⒉闁绘繃鐗犻幃宄扳堪閸愩劎鐩庨梺鐟板殩閹凤拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庢濮橆兗缂氶柤濮愬€栫€氬鏌i弮鍌氬付缂佲偓婢舵劕绠规繛锝庡墮婵″ジ鏌涘顒傜Ш妤犵偞鐗曡彁妞ゆ巻鍋撻柣蹇e櫍閺屽秶绱掑Ο鑽ゎ槹闂佸搫琚崝鎴濐嚕椤掑嫬鍨傛い鏃囶潐鐎垫牗绻濋悽闈涗户闁靛棗顑夐獮蹇涙晸閿燂拷 闂傚倸鍊峰ù鍥х暦閸偅鍙忕€广儱顦粈鍐┿亜椤撶喎鐏i柣銉邯濮婄粯鎷呴崨濠冨創濡炪倖鍨甸崐鍨暦濠婂啠鏀介柛顐犲灮閻撴挻绻濋姀锝嗙【濠㈣泛娲畷鎴﹀箻缂佹ɑ娅滈柟鑲╄ˉ閳ь剙纾鎴犵磽閸屾瑦顦风紒韬插€濋獮蹇涙晸閿燂拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閼哥數浠氭俊鐐€栭崹鐢稿疮閺夋垹鏆﹂柡鍥ュ灪閻掕偐鈧箍鍎遍幊鎰版偩濞差亝鍊垫鐐茬仢閸旀碍銇勯敂璇茬仯闁汇儺浜iˇ褰掓煛鐏炲墽銆掑ù鐙呯畵閹瑩顢楅崒娑卞悋缂傚倸鍊烽懗鑸靛垔閹绢喖绠柨鐕傛嫹 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閸洏鈧焦绻濋崟顓狀槱婵炴潙鍚嬪ḿ娆戝閸ф鈷戞い鎺嗗亾缂佸鎸冲畷褰掑磼閻愬鍘搁梺鍛婂姂閸斿孩鏅跺☉銏$厽闁圭儤娲﹂崵娆愩亜椤撯剝纭堕柟鐟板閹煎綊宕烽婵堢濠电姷顣槐鏇㈠磿閹达箑绠柨鐕傛嫹 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閸撲焦鍏滈柛顐f礀閻ら箖鏌i幇顓犮偞闁哄绉归弻銊モ攽閸♀晜肖闂侀€炲苯鍘哥紒鑸佃壘閻g兘濡搁埡浣洪獓闂佺懓顕刊顓炍eú顏呪拺闁煎鍊曞瓭濠电偛鐪伴崐鏇$亽婵犵數濮村ú銈囩矆婢舵劖鐓ラ柣鏇炲€圭€氾拷 婵犵數濮烽弫鎼佸磻閻愬搫鍨傞柛顐f礀缁犱即鎮归崶褍鏂€缂傚倹纰嶇换娑㈠幢濡櫣浼囨繝娈垮枟婵炲﹪寮婚弴鐔风窞闁糕剝蓱閻濇梻绱撴担鎻掍壕閻庡厜鍋撻柛鏇ㄥ墮娴狀垶姊洪幖鐐插妧闁告洏鍔嶉悘鍡涙⒒娴e憡鍟炴俊顐e灴楠炲繘鏁撻敓锟� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐宄懊归崶顒€纾婚柟鎵閸嬨倝鏌¢崘銊у闁搞劌鍊搁湁闁稿繐鍚嬮崕妤呮煛娴e憡顥㈤柡灞诲姂閹倝宕掑☉姗嗕紦 闂傚倸鍊峰ù鍥敋瑜忛埀顒佺▓閺呯姴鐣峰Ο鑽ょ瘈婵﹩鍘搁幐鍐⒑閸涘﹥澶勯柛鎾村哺瀹曪綀绠涘☉娆戝弳闂佺粯娲栭崐鍦偓姘炬嫹 婵犵數濮烽弫鎼佸磻閻愬搫鍨傞柛顐f礀缁犲綊鏌嶉崫鍕櫣闁稿被鍔戦弻锝夊箻瀹曞洨妲忛梺鑽ゅ枑鐎氬牓寮崼婵嗙獩濡炪倖鎸炬刊顓炍eú顏呪拺闁煎鍊曞瓭濠电偛鐪伴崐鏇$亽婵犵數濮村ú銈囩矆婢舵劖鐓ラ柣鏇炲€圭€氾拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炲鏁撻悩顔瑰亾閸愵厾鐤€婵炴垶岣块敍娑㈡⒑缁洖澧茬紒瀣灴瀵憡绗熼埀顒勫蓟閻旂厧绠查柟浼存涧濞堫厾绱撴担鍝勑i柛銊ユ健瀵鏁撻悩鑼槹濡炪倖鍔х徊鍧椼€呮导瀛樷拺闁告縿鍎卞▍鎰版煙閸戙倖瀚�
婵犵數濮烽弫鎼佸磿閹寸姴绶ら柦妯侯棦濞差亝鏅滈柣鎰靛墮鎼村﹪姊虹粙鎸庢拱缂佸鎹囬妴鍛存倻閼恒儳鍙嗛梺缁樻礀閸婂湱鈧熬鎷�: 闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炴牠顢曢敃鈧壕褰掓煟閹达絾顥夌痪顓涘亾闂備礁鎲¢崝鏇炍熸繝鍌樷偓鎺撶節濮橆厾鍙嗛梺缁樻礀閸婂湱鈧熬鎷� 闂傚倸鍊峰ù鍥х暦閸偅鍙忛柡澶嬪殮濞差亜围闁搞儻绲芥禍鐐叏濡厧甯堕柣蹇ラ檮閵囧嫰濮€閿涘嫭鍣伴梺杞扮劍閹瑰洭寮幘缁樻櫢闁跨噦鎷� 闂傚倸鍊峰ù鍥х暦閻㈢ǹ绐楅柟鎵閸嬶繝鏌曟径鍫濆壔婵炴垶菤濡插牓鏌曡箛鏇炐ラ柨娑欑洴濮婅櫣鎹勯妸銉︾彚闂佺懓鍤栭幏锟� 闂傚倸鍊烽悞锕傛儑瑜版帒鏄ラ柛鏇ㄥ灠閸ㄥ倿姊洪鈧粔鐢稿磻閵堝鐓涢柛銉e劚閻忣亪鏌涙惔鈽呰含闁哄被鍔戦幃銈夊磼濞戞﹩浼� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥倿閿曞倹鍎戠憸鐗堝笒绾惧綊鏌¢崶鈺佹瀾婵炲懐濞€閺岋箑螣娓氼垱鈻撳┑鐐插悑閻楃娀寮婚妸鈺傚亞闁稿本绋戦锟� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥倿閿曞倹鍎戠憸鐗堝笒绾惧潡鏌涘Δ鍐х闯婵炲樊浜滄儫闂佹寧妫佸Λ鍕嚕閸ф鈷戦悹鎭掑妼濞呮劙鏌熼崙銈嗗 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閼哥數浠氱紓鍌欒兌缁垶銆冮崨瀛樺仼闁绘垼濮ら崑銊х磼鐎n偄顕滈柣搴墴濮婅櫣鎹勯妸銉︾彚闂佺懓鍤栭幏锟� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閸洖纾块柣銏⑶圭壕濠氭煙閹规劦鍤欑紒鈧径鎰彄闁搞儯鍔嶇亸鐢告煛閸℃劕鈧繈寮婚妸鈺傚亞闁稿本绋戦锟� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閸洏鈧焦绻濋崟顓狀槱婵炴潙鍚嬪ḿ娆戝鐟欏嫪绻嗛柕鍫濇噺閸e湱绱掗悩宕囧⒌闁哄被鍔戦幃銈夊磼濞戞﹩浼� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐宄懊归崶顒夋晪闁哄稁鍘肩粈鍌涚箾閸℃ɑ灏痪鎯ф健閺岋紕浠︾拠鎻掑闂佹眹鍊濈粻鏍蓟閵娾晜鍋嗛柛灞剧☉椤忥拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閼哥數浠氭俊鐐€栭崹鐢稿疮閺夋垹鏆﹂柡鍥ュ灩缁犵粯銇勯弮鍌滄憘婵☆偄鎳樺铏规崉閵娿儲鐝㈤梺鐟板殩閹凤拷 缂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾圭紒瀣紩濞差亜围闁糕檧鏅滈鏃堟⒑瑜版帗锛熺紒璁圭節瀵偅绻濋崶銊у弳闂佺粯娲栭崐鍦偓姘炬嫹 婵犵數濮烽弫鎼佸磻閻愬搫鍨傞柛顐f礀缁犱即鏌涢锝嗙缁炬儳缍婇弻鈥愁吋鎼粹€崇闂佺粯甯掗悘姘跺Φ閸曨垰绠抽柟鎼灡閺侀箖鏌f惔銏㈠暡闁瑰嚖鎷� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閸洖鍌ㄧ憸宥夘敋閿濆绠氶柤鍓插厸濮规姊洪崨濠傚Е闁哥姵鐗滅划鍫熷緞閹邦厾鍙嗛梺缁樻礀閸婂湱鈧熬鎷� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥倿閿曗偓椤啴宕归鍛數婵炴挻鍩冮崑鎾搭殽閻愯尙绠婚柡浣规崌閺佹捇鏁撻敓锟� 婵犵數濮烽弫鍛婄箾閳ь剚绻涙担鍐叉搐绾捐鈹戦悩鍙夋悙缂佺媭鍨堕弻銊╂偆閸屾稑顏� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閸洖鍌ㄧ憸搴ㄥ箚閺傚簱鍫柛顐g箘椤斿棝姊虹捄銊ユ珢闁瑰嚖鎷� 闂傚倸鍊峰ù鍥敋瑜忛幑銏ゅ箛椤撗勵啍闂婎偄娲︾粙鎴犵不椤栫偞鐓ラ柣鏇炲€圭€氾拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥倿閿曞倸绠栭柛顐f礀绾惧潡鏌ょ喊鍗炲闁活厽鐟╅弻鐔告綇閹呮В闂佽桨绀佸Λ婵嬪蓟閵娾晜鍋嗛柛灞剧☉椤忥拷 闂傚倸鍊峰ù鍥х暦閸偅鍙忛柡澶嬪殮濞差亜鐓涘ù锝囧劋濞堥箖姊洪崜鑼帥闁稿鎳庨埢宥夋偐缂佹ḿ鍙嗛梺缁樻礀閸婂湱鈧熬鎷� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炴牠顢曢埛姘そ閺佸啴鍩€椤掆偓閻滃宕归瑙勭€婚梺瑙勫劤缁夋潙煤椤撱垹鏋侀柟鍓х帛閺呮悂鏌ㄩ悤鍌涘
婵犵數濮烽弫鎼佸磻閻愬搫鍨傞柛顐f礀缁犲綊鏌嶉崫鍕櫣闁稿被鍔戦弻銈吤圭€n偅鐝掗梺缁樺笒閿曨亪寮婚妸鈺傚亞闁稿本绋戦锟�: 闂傚倸鍊烽悞锕傛儑瑜版帒鏄ラ柛鏇ㄥ灠閸ㄥ倿姊洪鈧粔鐢稿磻閵堝鐓涢柛銉e劚閻忣亪鏌涙惔鈽呰含闁哄被鍔戦幃銈夊磼濞戞﹩浼� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐宄懊归崶褜娴栭柕濞炬櫆閸婂潡鏌ㄩ弴鐐测偓褰掑磻閿熺姵鐓ラ柡鍥殔娴滃墽鈧厜鍋撻柨婵嗘噺閸嬨儵鏌℃担瑙勫磳闁轰焦鎹囬弫鎾绘晸閿燂拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐宄懊归崶顒夋晪闁哄稁鍘肩粈鍫熸叏濡潡鍝虹€规洘鐓¢弻娑㈠焺閸愵亖妲堥梺缁樺笒閻忔岸濡甸崟顖氱闁规惌鍨遍弫楣冩煟鎼淬垻鍟查柟鍑ゆ嫹 婵犵數濮烽弫鎼佸磻閻愬搫鍨傞柛顐f礀缁犲綊鏌嶉崫鍕櫣闁活厽顨婇弻宥堫檨闁告挻鐩崺鈧い鎺戝枤濞兼劙鏌熺喊鍗炰喊妤犵偛绻橀弫鎾绘晸閿燂拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炲鏁撻悩鍐蹭罕闂佺粯鍔樼亸娆撳汲閿曞倹鐓熼柕蹇婃嚉閸︻厾涓嶉柡宥庡幗閻撱儵鏌i弴鐐测偓鍦偓姘炬嫹 婵犵數濮烽弫鎼佸磻閻愬搫鍨傞柛顐f礀缁犱即鎮归崶褍鏂€缂傚倹纰嶇换娑㈠幢濡櫣浼囨繝娈垮枟婵炲﹪寮婚妸鈺傚亞闁稿本绋戦锟� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹瀹勬噴褰掑炊椤剚鐩畷鐔碱敍濞戞ü缃曢梻浣告贡閸嬫挸顪冮崸妤€鏋佸〒姘e亾闁哄被鍔戦幃銈夊磼濞戞﹩浼� 濠电姷鏁告慨鐢割敊閺嶎厼绐楁俊銈呭閹冲矂姊绘担瑙勫仩闁告柨绻愰埢鏂库槈濠婂懍缃曢梻鍌欐祰濞夋洟宕抽敃鍌氱闁跨噦鎷� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炴牠顢曢敃鈧壕鍦磼鐎n偓绱╂繛宸簻鍥撮梺鎼炲劵缁茶姤绂嶉崜褏妫柡澶嬵儥濡插綊鎮楀鐐 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥倿閿曞倸鍨傛繝闈涱儐閸婂潡鏌ㄩ弴鐐测偓鍛婎攰闂備胶绮崝妤呭极閸濄儳鐭嗗┑鐘叉处閻撱儵鏌i弴鐐测偓鍦偓姘炬嫹 婵犵數濮撮惀澶愬级鎼存挸浜炬俊銈勭劍閸欏繘鏌熺紒銏犳灈閻庢艾顦伴妵鍕箳閹存繍浠奸梺钘夊暟閸犳牠寮婚妸鈺傚亞闁稿本绋戦锟� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥倿閿曞倸绠栭柛顐f礀绾惧潡鏌熺紒妯虹闁哄棴闄勬穱濠囶敍濞嗘帩鍔呭┑鐐茬毞閺呯娀寮婚妸鈺傚亞闁稿本绋戦锟� 婵犵數濮烽。顔炬閺囥垹纾绘繛鎴欏焺閺佸嫰鏌涢妷顔煎缂佹劖顨婇弻鐔煎箲閹伴潧娈梺鍛婂灩婵炩偓闁哄被鍔戦幃銈夊磼濞戞﹩浼� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐宄懊归崶顒€纾婚柟鎵閸嬨倝鏌¢崘銊у闁搞劌鍊块弻褑绠涢敐鍛凹濠电偛鎳愭繛鈧柡灞诲姂閹倝宕掑☉姗嗕紦 闂傚倸鍊搁崐宄懊归崶顒€纾婚柟鎵閸嬨倝鏌¢崘銊у闁搞劌鍊归妵鍕冀閵娧呯厒缂備胶濮靛Λ鍐蓟閵娾晜鍋嗛柛灞剧☉椤忥拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐宄懊归崶顒€纾婚柟鎵閸嬨倝鏌¢崘銊у闁搞劌鍊块弻鐔封枔閸喗鐏撻梺鍛婎殕瀹€鎼佸蓟閵娾晜鍋嗛柛灞剧☉椤忥拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炴牠顢曢敃鈧壕褰掓偡濞嗗繐顏╅柛銊︽閺岋箑螣娓氼垱楔闂佸搫妫庨崐婵嬪蓟閵娾晜鍋嗛柛灞剧☉椤忥拷 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鐑芥嚄閸洖绠犻柟鎹愵嚙鐟欙箓鎮楅敐搴″闁搞劍绻堥獮鏍庨鈧俊鑲╃棯閹佸仮闁哄被鍔戦幃銈夊磼濞戞﹩浼� 闂傚倸鍊搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓瀹曘儳鈧綆鈧叏缍侀獮鎺楀箻閸欐ḿ鐭掗梻浣哥秺濡法绮堟笟鈧畷娆撴偐缂佹ḿ鍙嗛梺缁樻礀閸婂湱鈧熬鎷�
当前位置: 首页 > 期刊 > 《英国医生杂志》 > 2004年第2期 > 正文
编号:11340367
US universities review subscriptions to journal "package deals" as costs rise
http://www.100md.com 《英国医生杂志》

     US university libraries are cancelling "package deal" subscriptions梚n which they buy a "bundle" of academic journals and online journal access from the publisher Elsevier梠n the grounds that they are too expensive.

    Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts, recently announced that from 1 January 2004 it was stopping its subscription with Elsevier for a bundled package of journals. Instead, the library will purchase journals on a title by title basis.

    The decision followed more than a year of negotiations between Harvard and other members of the Northeast Research Libraries Consortium and Elsevier to agree more flexible licensing terms for subscribing to journals. Elsevier offers its journals in what are termed "big deals"梒ontracts in which libraries pay for a package of journals and online access to a publisher抯 journals for several years, with restrictions on early cancellation. Harvard found that some of the journals in the package were rarely used梞ore than 20% of Elsevier titles were used less than twice a month, and 10% were used less than once a month.

    Sidney Verba, director of the University Library at Harvard, said in a letter accompanying the announcement: "Bundling has created an artificial environment that sustains journals that might otherwise not be viable on their own. By cancelling these little-used materials, funds will become available to acquire resources that are in higher demand." He added: "Elsevier is among a handful of journal publishers whose commercial bundling practices are squeezing library budgets. Their licensing programmes require libraries to maintain large, fixed levels of expenditure, without the ability to cancel unneeded subscriptions." He hoped that cancelling the journal package deal would allow the library to regain control of journal subscriptions in a way that responded to the university抯 academic and research needs (see http://hul.harvard.edu/letter040101.html).

    Cornell University Library, in Ithaca, New York, decided last month not to renew its subscription with Elsevier for a bundled package of more than 900 journals. Library administrators said that they could no longer justify paying an increasing price each year for Elsevier抯 bundle of journals, when a substantial number of titles in the package of 930 online and print journals were hardly used by staff. They pointed out that, although these titles represented less than 2% of the total number of journals to which Cornell library subscribed, the $1.7m (£0.94m; €1.3m) contract with Elsevier for the bundle amounted to more than a fifth of the library抯 total journal subscription costs. The University Senate wanted the library to work with the faculty to reduce this to 15%.

    A third US university桽tanford University in California梚s currently considering a draft resolution on the bundling of journals and is expected make a decision in February.

    Marike Westra, manager of external communications at Elsevier, said: "Some universities are facing severe financial constraints. We are working closely with them to come to satisfactory arrangements. Elsevier provides many options to tailor the content of journal subscriptions, recognising that needs change." She added that despite the recent cases in the United States, "a good deal of contract renewals are going well."

    Competing interests: The BMJ Publishing Group is a small to medium sized publisher that profits from the current market but is threatened by the large publishers.(London Susan Mayor)
    婵犵數鍎戠徊钘壝洪悩璇茬婵犻潧娲ら閬嶆煕濞戝崬鏋ゆい鈺冨厴閺屾稑鈽夐崡鐐差潾闁哄鏅滃Λ鍐蓟濞戞ǚ鏋庨煫鍥ㄦ尨閸嬫挻绂掔€n亞鍔﹀銈嗗坊閸嬫捇鏌涢悩宕囥€掓俊鍙夊姇閳规垿宕堕埞鐐亙闁诲骸绠嶉崕鍗炍涘☉銏犵劦妞ゆ帒顦悘锔筋殽閻愬樊鍎旀鐐叉喘椤㈡棃宕ㄩ鐐靛搸婵犵數鍋犻幓顏嗗緤閹灐娲箣閻樺吀绗夐梺鎸庣箓閹峰宕甸崼婢棃鏁傜粵瀣妼闂佸摜鍋為幐鎶藉蓟閺囥垹骞㈤柡鍥╁Т婵′粙鏌i姀鈺佺仩缂傚秴锕獮濠囨晸閻樿尙鐤€濡炪倖鎸鹃崑鐔哥閹扮増鈷戦柛锔诲帎閻熸噴娲Χ閸ヮ煈娼熼梺鍐叉惈閹冲氦绻氶梻浣呵归張顒傜矙閹烘鍊垫い鏂垮⒔绾惧ジ鏌¢崘銊モ偓绋挎毄濠电姭鎷冮崟鍨杹閻庢鍠栭悥鐓庣暦濮椻偓婵℃瓕顦抽柛鎾村灦缁绘稓鈧稒岣块惌濠偽旈悩鍙夋喐闁轰緡鍣i、鏇㈡晜閽樺鈧稑鈹戦敍鍕粶濠⒀呮櫕缁瑦绻濋崶銊у幐婵犮垼娉涢敃銈夊汲閺囩喐鍙忛柣鐔煎亰濡偓闂佽桨绀佺粔鎾偩濠靛绀冩い顓熷灣閹寸兘姊绘担绛嬪殐闁哥姵鎹囧畷婵婄疀濞戣鲸鏅g紓鍌欑劍宀e潡鍩㈤弮鍫熺厽闁瑰鍎戞笟娑㈡煕閺傚灝鏆i柡宀嬬節瀹曟帒顫濋鐘靛幀缂傚倷鐒﹂〃鍛此囬柆宥呯劦妞ゆ帒鍠氬ḿ鎰磼椤旇偐绠婚柨婵堝仱閺佸啴宕掑鍗炴憢闂佽崵濞€缂傛艾鈻嶉敐鍥╃煋闁割煈鍠撻埀顒佸笒椤繈顢橀悩顐n潔闂備線娼уú銈吤洪妸鈺佺劦妞ゆ帒鍋嗛弨鐗堢箾婢跺娲寸€规洏鍨芥俊鍫曞炊閵娿儺浼曢柣鐔哥矌婢ф鏁Δ鍜冪稏濠㈣埖鍔栭崑锝夋煕閵夘垰顩☉鎾瑰皺缁辨帗娼忛妸褏鐣奸梺褰掝棑婵炩偓闁诡喗绮撻幐濠冨緞婢跺瞼姊炬繝鐢靛仜椤曨厽鎱ㄦィ鍐ㄦ槬闁哄稁鍘奸崹鍌炴煏婵炵偓娅嗛柛瀣ㄥ妼闇夐柨婵嗘噹閺嗙喐淇婇姘卞ⅵ婵﹥妞介、鏇㈡晲閸℃瑦顓婚梻浣虹帛閹碱偆鎹㈠┑瀣祦閻庯綆鍠栫粻锝嗙節婵犲倸顏柟鏋姂濮婃椽骞愭惔锝傛闂佸搫鐗滈崜鐔风暦閻熸壋鍫柛鏇ㄥ弾濞村嫬顪冮妶鍡楃瑐闁绘帪绠撳鎶筋敂閸喓鍘遍梺鐟版惈缁夋潙鐣甸崱娑欑厓鐟滄粓宕滃顒夋僵闁靛ň鏅滈崑鍌炴煥閻斿搫孝閻熸瑱绠撻獮鏍箹椤撶偟浠紓浣插亾濠㈣泛鈯曡ぐ鎺戠闁稿繗鍋愬▓銈夋⒑缂佹ḿ绠栭柣鈺婂灠閻g兘鏁撻悩鑼槰闂佽偐鈷堥崜姘额敊閹达附鈷戦悹鍥b偓铏亖闂佸憡鏌ㄦ鎼佸煝閹捐绠i柣鎰綑椤庢挸鈹戦悩璇у伐闁哥噥鍨堕獮鍡涘磼濮n厼缍婇幃鈺呭箵閹烘繂濡锋繝鐢靛Л閸嬫捇鏌熷▓鍨灓缁鹃箖绠栭弻鐔衡偓鐢登瑰暩閻熸粎澧楅悡锟犲蓟濞戙垹绠抽柡鍌氱氨閺嬪懎鈹戦悙鍙夊櫣闂佸府绲炬穱濠囧箻椤旇姤娅㈤梺璺ㄥ櫐閹凤拷

   闂佽娴烽弫濠氬磻婵犲洤绐楅柡鍥╁枔閳瑰秴鈹戦悩鍙夋悙婵☆偅锕㈤弻娑㈠Ψ閵忊剝鐝栭悷婊冨簻閹凤拷  闂傚倷鑳舵灙缂佺粯顨呴埢宥夊即閵忕姵鐎梺缁樺姉閸庛倝宕曞畝鍕厽闁逛即娼ф晶顔姐亜鎼搭垱瀚�  闂備浇宕垫慨鏉懨洪妶鍥e亾濮樼厧鐏︽い銏$懇楠炲鏁冮埀顒傜矆閸曨垱鐓熸俊顖濐嚙缁茶崵绱撳蹇斿  闂傚倷鑳堕幊鎾诲触鐎n剙鍨濋幖娣妼绾惧ジ鏌曟繛鐐珔闁告濞婇弻鈩冨緞鐎n亞鍔稿┑鈽嗗灲閹凤拷   闂傚倷娴囬~澶嬬娴犲绀夌€光偓閸曨剙浠遍梺闈浤涢崨顖ょ床婵犵數鍋涘Λ娆撳礉閺嶎偆涓嶆繛鍡樻尰閻撴洘绻涢崱妯兼噭閻庢熬鎷�   闂傚倷绀侀幉鈥愁潖缂佹ɑ鍙忛柟缁㈠枛閻鏌涢埄鍐槈缂備讲鏅犻弻鐔碱敍濠婂喚鏆銈冨劵閹凤拷