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     Convention on tobacco control to come into effect: This week, Peru became the 40th country to ratify the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control of the World Health Organization. The ratification by 40 countries was necessary to bring the agreement into force, so it will enter international law in 90 days' time. Signatory governments will be legally bound to take steps to reduce tobacco consumption to improve public health.

    US body calls for screening for colorectal cancer: Papers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, published in Gastroenterology ( 2004;127: 1661-9, 1670-7), say that all Americans aged over 50 should be screened for colorectal cancer by using faecal occult blood testing, plus colonoscopy for those with positive results.:

    Germany more than doubles its pledge to the Global Fund: Germany has announced that for 2005 it will more than double its pledge to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, to 82m (£57m; $110m). Germany's pledge for 2004 stands at 38m.

    US promises protection for those not wanting to provide abortion: President George Bush is expected to sign a law that includes a "conscience clause" allowing doctors, nurses, hospitals, and insurance companies to refuse to provide care, counselling, or referral for options they find morally offensive, such as abortions. The clause was included in the "omnibus" spending bill passed by the House and Senate.

    India to provide food supplements to HIV infected people: India's National AIDS Control Organisation has pledged daily fortified food supplements to undernourished people infected with HIV to delay progression of their infection to AIDS. The food programme, with technical help from the United Nations World Food Programme, will be launched in eight hospitals where HIV infected people unable to afford antiretroviral therapy are currently receiving free drugs.