项目管理

    知识体系

    指南

    (PMBOK? 指南)

    第 6 版

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    名称：项目管理知识体系指南(PMBOK 指南) 项目管理协会。

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    目录

    第一部分

    项目管理知识体系指南(PMBOK? 指南)

    1. 引论 ...........................................................................................................................................1

    1.1 指南概述和目的 .............................................................................................................1

    1.1.1 项目管理标准 .....................................................................................................2

    1.1.2 通用词汇..............................................................................................................3

    1.1.3 道德与专业行为规范 .........................................................................................3

    1.2 基本要素 ..........................................................................................................................4

    1.2.1 项目 ......................................................................................................................4

    1.2.2 项目管理的重要性 ...........................................................................................10

    1.2.3 项目、项目集、项目组合以及运营管理之间的关系.................................11

    1.2.4 指南的组成部分 ...............................................................................................17

    1.2.5 裁剪 ....................................................................................................................28

    1.2.6 项目管理商业文件 ...........................................................................................29

    2. 项目运行环境.........................................................................................................................37

    2.1 概述 ................................................................................................................................37

    2.2 事业环境因素 ...............................................................................................................38

    2.2.1 组织内部的事业环境因素 ..............................................................................38

    2.2.2 组织外部的事业环境因素 ..............................................................................39

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    2.3 组织过程资产 ...............................................................................................................39

    2.3.1 过程、政策和程序 ...........................................................................................40

    2.3.2 组织知识库 .......................................................................................................41

    2.4 组织系统 ........................................................................................................................41

    2.4.1 概述 ....................................................................................................................42

    2.4.2 组织治理框架 ...................................................................................................43

    2.4.3 管理要素............................................................................................................44

    2.4.4 组织结构类型 ...................................................................................................45

    3. 项目经理的角色 ....................................................................................................................51

    3.1 概述 ................................................................................................................................51

    3.2 项目经理的定义 ...........................................................................................................52

    3.3 项目经理的影响力范围 ...............................................................................................52

    3.3.1 概述 ....................................................................................................................52

    3.3.2 项目 ....................................................................................................................53

    3.3.3 组织 ....................................................................................................................54

    3.3.4 行业 ....................................................................................................................55

    3.3.5 专业学科............................................................................................................56

    3.3.6 跨领域 ................................................................................................................56

    3.4 项目经理的能力 ...........................................................................................................56

    3.4.1 概述 ....................................................................................................................56

    3.4.2 技术项目管理技能 ...........................................................................................58

    3.4.3 战略和商务管理技能 .......................................................................................58

    3.4.4 领导力技能 .......................................................................................................60

    3.4.5 领导力与管理之比较 .......................................................................................64

    3.5 执行整合 ........................................................................................................................66

    3.5.1 在过程层面执行整合 .......................................................................................67

    3.5.2 认知层面的整合 ...............................................................................................67

    3.5.3 背景层面的整合 ...............................................................................................67

    3.5.4 整合与复杂性 ...................................................................................................68

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    4. 项目整合管理.........................................................................................................................69

    4.1 制定项目章程 ...............................................................................................................75

    4.1.1 制定项目章程：输入 .......................................................................................77

    4.1.2 制定项目章程：工具与技术 ..........................................................................79

    4.1.3 制定项目章程：输出 .......................................................................................81

    4.2 制定项目管理计划 .......................................................................................................82

    4.2.1 制定项目管理计划：输入 ..............................................................................83

    4.2.2 制定项目管理计划：工具与技术 ..................................................................85

    4.2.3 制定项目管理计划：输出 ..............................................................................86

    4.3 指导与管理项目工作 ...................................................................................................90

    4.3.1 指导与管理项目工作：输入 ..........................................................................92

    4.3.2 指导与管理项目工作：工具与技术 ..............................................................94

    4.3.3 指导与管理项目工作：输出 ..........................................................................95

    4.4 管理项目知识 ...............................................................................................................98

    4.4.1 管理项目知识：输入 .....................................................................................100

    4.4.2 管理项目知识：工具与技术 ........................................................................102

    4.4.3 管理项目知识：输出 .....................................................................................104

    4.5 监控项目工作 .............................................................................................................105

    4.5.1 监控项目工作：输入 .....................................................................................107

    4.5.2 监控项目工作：工具与技术 ........................................................................110

    4.5.3 监控项目工作：输出 .....................................................................................112

    4.6 实施整体变更控制 .....................................................................................................113

    4.6.1 实施整体变更控制：输入 ............................................................................116

    4.6.2 实施整体变更控制：工具与技术 ................................................................118

    4.6.3 实施整体变更控制：输出 ............................................................................120

    4.7 结束项目或阶段 .........................................................................................................121

    4.7.1 结束项目或阶段：输入.................................................................................124

    4.7.2 结束项目或阶段：工具与技术 ....................................................................126

    4.7.3 结束项目或阶段：输出.................................................................................127

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    5. 项目范围管理.......................................................................................................................129

    5.1 规划范围管理 .............................................................................................................134

    5.1.1 规划范围管理：输入 .....................................................................................135

    5.1.2 规划范围管理：工具与技术 ........................................................................136

    5.1.3 规划范围管理：输出 .....................................................................................137

    5.2 收集需求 ......................................................................................................................138

    5.2.1 收集需求：输入 .............................................................................................140

    5.2.2 收集需求：工具与技术.................................................................................142

    5.2.3 收集需求：输出 .............................................................................................147

    5.3 定义范围 ......................................................................................................................150

    5.3.1 定义范围：输入 .............................................................................................152

    5.3.2 定义范围：工具与技术.................................................................................153

    5.3.3 定义范围：输出 .............................................................................................154

    5.4 创建 WBS .....................................................................................................................156

    5.4.1 创建 WBS：输入 .............................................................................................157

    5.4.2 创建 WBS：工具与技术 ................................................................................158

    5.4.3 创建 WBS：输出 .............................................................................................161

    5.5 确认范围 ......................................................................................................................163

    5.5.1 确认范围：输入 .............................................................................................165

    5.5.2 确认范围：工具与技术.................................................................................166

    5.5.3 确认范围：输出 .............................................................................................166

    5.6 控制范围 ......................................................................................................................167

    5.6.1 控制范围：输入 .............................................................................................169

    5.6.2 控制范围：工具与技术.................................................................................170

    5.6.3 控制范围：输出 .............................................................................................170

    6. 项目进度管理.......................................................................................................................173

    6.1 规划进度管理 .............................................................................................................179

    6.1.1 规划进度管理：输入 .....................................................................................180

    6.1.2 规划进度管理：工具与技术 ........................................................................181

    6.1.3 规划进度管理：输出 .....................................................................................181

    6.2 定义活动 ......................................................................................................................183

    6.2.1 定义活动：输入 .............................................................................................184

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    6.2.2 定义活动：工具与技术.................................................................................184

    6.2.3 定义活动：输出 .............................................................................................185

    6.3 排列活动顺序 .............................................................................................................187

    6.3.1 排列活动顺序：输入 .....................................................................................188

    6.3.2 排列活动顺序：工具与技术 ........................................................................189

    6.3.3 排列活动顺序：输出 .....................................................................................194

    6.4 估算活动持续时间 .....................................................................................................195

    6.4.1 估算活动持续时间：输入 ............................................................................198

    6.4.2 估算活动持续时间：工具与技术 ................................................................200

    6.4.3 估算活动持续时间：输出 ............................................................................203

    6.5 制定进度计划 .............................................................................................................205

    6.5.1 制定进度计划：输入 .....................................................................................207

    6.5.2 制定进度计划：工具与技术 ........................................................................209

    6.5.3 制定进度计划：输出 .....................................................................................217

    6.6 控制进度 ......................................................................................................................222

    6.6.1 控制进度：输入 .............................................................................................224

    6.6.2 控制进度：工具与技术.................................................................................226

    6.6.3 控制进度：输出 .............................................................................................228

    7. 项目成本管理.......................................................................................................................231

    7.1 规划成本管理 .............................................................................................................235

    7.1.1 规划成本管理：输入 .....................................................................................236

    7.1.2 规划成本管理：工具与技术 ........................................................................237

    7.1.3 规划成本管理：输出 .....................................................................................238

    7.2 估算成本 ......................................................................................................................240

    7.2.1 估算成本：输入 .............................................................................................241

    7.2.2 估算成本：工具与技术.................................................................................243

    7.2.3 估算成本：输出 .............................................................................................246

    7.3 制定预算 ......................................................................................................................248

    7.3.1 制定预算：输入 .............................................................................................250

    7.3.2 制定预算：工具与技术 .................................................................................252

    7.3.3 制定预算：输出 .............................................................................................254

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    7.4 控制成本 ......................................................................................................................257

    7.4.1 控制成本：输入 .............................................................................................259

    7.4.2 控制成本：工具与技术 .................................................................................260

    7.4.3 控制成本：输出 .............................................................................................268

    8. 项目质量管理.......................................................................................................................271

    8.1 规划质量管理 .............................................................................................................277

    8.1.1 规划质量管理：输入 .....................................................................................279

    8.1.2 规划质量管理：工具与技术 ........................................................................281

    8.1.3 规划质量管理：输出 .....................................................................................286

    8.2 管理质量 ......................................................................................................................288

    8.2.1 管理质量：输入 .............................................................................................290

    8.2.2 管理质量：工具与技术 .................................................................................292

    8.2.3 管理质量：输出 .............................................................................................296

    8.3 控制质量 ......................................................................................................................298

    8.3.1 控制质量：输入 .............................................................................................300

    8.3.2 控制质量：工具与技术.................................................................................302

    8.3.3 控制质量：输出 .............................................................................................305

    9. 项目资源管理.......................................................................................................................307

    9.1 规划资源管理 .............................................................................................................312

    9.1.1 规划资源管理：输入 .....................................................................................314

    9.1.2 规划资源管理：工具与技术 ........................................................................315

    9.1.3 规划资源管理：输出 .....................................................................................318

    9.2 估算活动资源 .............................................................................................................320

    9.2.1 估算活动资源：输入 .....................................................................................322

    9.2.2 估算活动资源：工具与技术 ........................................................................324

    9.2.3 估算活动资源：输出 .....................................................................................325

    9.3 获取资源 ......................................................................................................................328

    9.3.1 获取资源：输入 .............................................................................................330

    9.3.2 获取资源：工具与技术 .................................................................................332

    9.3.3 获取资源：输出 .............................................................................................333

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    9.4 建设团队 ......................................................................................................................336

    9.4.1 建设团队：输入 .............................................................................................339

    9.4.2 建设团队：工具与技术.................................................................................340

    9.4.3 建设团队：输出 .............................................................................................343

    9.5 管理团队 ......................................................................................................................345

    9.5.1 管理团队：输入 .............................................................................................347

    9.5.2 管理团队：工具与技术.................................................................................348

    9.5.3 管理团队：输出 .............................................................................................350

    9.6 控制资源 ......................................................................................................................352

    9.6.1 控制资源：输入 .............................................................................................354

    9.6.2 控制资源：工具与技术.................................................................................356

    9.6.3 控制资源：输出 .............................................................................................357

    10. 项目沟通管理.....................................................................................................................359

    10.1 规划沟通管理 ...........................................................................................................366

    10.1.1 规划沟通管理：输入 ...................................................................................368

    10.1.2 规划沟通管理：工具与技术 ......................................................................369

    10.1.3 规划沟通管理：输出 ...................................................................................377

    10.2 管理沟通 ....................................................................................................................379

    10.2.1 管理沟通：输入 ...........................................................................................381

    10.2.2 管理沟通：工具与技术...............................................................................383

    10.2.3 管理沟通：输出 ...........................................................................................387

    10.3 监督沟通 ....................................................................................................................388

    10.3.1 监督沟通：输入 ...........................................................................................390

    10.3.2 监督沟通：工具与技术...............................................................................391

    10.3.3 监督沟通：输出 ...........................................................................................392

    11. 项目风险管理.....................................................................................................................395

    11.1 规划风险管理 ...........................................................................................................401

    11.1.1 规划风险管理：输入 ...................................................................................402

    11.1.2 规划风险管理：工具与技术 ......................................................................404

    11.1.3 规划风险管理：输出 ...................................................................................405

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    11.2 识别风险 ....................................................................................................................409

    11.2.1 识别风险：输入 ...........................................................................................411

    11.2.2 识别风险：工具与技术...............................................................................414

    11.2.3 识别风险：输出 ...........................................................................................417

    11.3 实施定性风险分析 ...................................................................................................419

    11.3.1 实施定性风险分析：输入 ..........................................................................421

    11.3.2 实施定性风险分析：工具与技术 ..............................................................422

    11.3.3 实施定性风险分析：输出 ..........................................................................427

    11.4 实施定量风险分析 ...................................................................................................428

    11.4.1 实施定量风险分析：输入 ..........................................................................430

    11.4.2 实施定量风险分析：工具与技术 ..............................................................431

    11.4.3 实施定量风险分析：输出 ..........................................................................436

    11.5 规划风险应对 ...........................................................................................................437

    11.5.1 规划风险应对：输入 ...................................................................................439

    11.5.2 规划风险应对：工具与技术 ......................................................................441

    11.5.3 规划风险应对：输出 ...................................................................................447

    11.6 实施风险应对 ...........................................................................................................449

    11.6.1 实施风险应对：输入 ...................................................................................450

    11.6.2 实施风险应对：工具与技术 ......................................................................451

    11.6.3 实施风险应对：输出 ...................................................................................451

    11.7 监督风险 ....................................................................................................................453

    11.7.1 监督风险：输入 ...........................................................................................455

    11.7.2 监督风险：工具与技术 ...............................................................................456

    11.7.3 监督风险：输出 ...........................................................................................457

    12. 项目采购管理.....................................................................................................................459

    12.1 规划采购管理 ...........................................................................................................466

    12.1.1 规划采购管理：输入 ...................................................................................468

    12.1.2 规划采购管理：工具与技术 ......................................................................472

    12.1.3 规划采购管理：输出 ...................................................................................475

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    12.2 实施采购 ....................................................................................................................482

    12.2.1 实施采购：输入 ...........................................................................................484

    12.2.2 实施采购：工具与技术...............................................................................487

    12.2.3 实施采购：输出 ...........................................................................................488

    12.3 控制采购 ....................................................................................................................492

    12.3.1 控制采购：输入 ...........................................................................................495

    12.3.2 控制采购：工具与技术...............................................................................497

    12.3.3 控制采购：输出 ...........................................................................................499

    13. 项目相关方管理 ................................................................................................................503

    13.1 识别相关方 ................................................................................................................507

    13.1.1 识别相关方：输入 .......................................................................................509

    13.1.2 识别相关方：工具与技术 ..........................................................................511

    13.1.3 识别相关方：输出 .......................................................................................514

    13.2 规划相关方参与 .......................................................................................................516

    13.2.1 规划相关方参与：输入...............................................................................518

    13.2.2 规划相关方参与：工具与技术 ..................................................................520

    13.2.3 规划相关方参与：输出...............................................................................522

    13.3 管理相关方参与 .......................................................................................................523

    13.3.1 管理相关方参与：输入...............................................................................525

    13.3.2 管理相关方参与：工具与技术 ..................................................................526

    13.3.3 管理相关方参与：输出...............................................................................528

    13.4 监督相关方参与 .......................................................................................................530

    13.4.1 监督相关方参与：输入 ...............................................................................532

    13.4.2 监督相关方参与：工具与技术 ..................................................................533

    13.4.3 监督相关方参与：输出...............................................................................535

    参考文献 ...................................................................................................................................537

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    第二部分

    项目管理标准

    1. 引论 .......................................................................................................................................541

    1.1 项目和项目管理 .........................................................................................................542

    1.2 项目组合、项目集和项目之间的关系 ....................................................................543

    1.3 组织治理与项目治理之间的联系 ............................................................................545

    1.4 项目成功与效益管理 .................................................................................................546

    1.5 项目生命周期 .............................................................................................................547

    1.6 项目相关方 ..................................................................................................................550

    1.7 项目经理的角色 .........................................................................................................552

    1.8 项目管理知识领域 .....................................................................................................553

    1.9 项目管理过程组 .........................................................................................................554

    1.10 事业环境因素和组织过程资产 ..............................................................................557

    1.11 裁剪项目工件 ...........................................................................................................558

    2. 启动过程组 ...........................................................................................................................561

    2.1 制定项目章程 .............................................................................................................563

    2.2 识别相关方 ..................................................................................................................563

    2.2.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................564

    2.2.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................564

    2.2.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................564

    2.2.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................564

    3. 规划过程组 ...........................................................................................................................565

    3.1 制定项目管理计划 .....................................................................................................567

    3.2 规划范围管理 .............................................................................................................567

    3.2.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................568

    3.3 收集需求 ......................................................................................................................568

    3.3.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................568

    3.3.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................569

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    3.4 定义范围 ......................................................................................................................569

    3.4.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................569

    3.4.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................569

    3.4.3 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................570

    3.5 创建 WBS .....................................................................................................................570

    3.5.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................570

    3.5.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................571

    3.5.3 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................571

    3.6 规划进度管理 .............................................................................................................571

    3.6.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................572

    3.7 定义活动 ......................................................................................................................572

    3.7.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................572

    3.7.2 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................572

    3.8 排列活动顺序 .............................................................................................................573

    3.8.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................573

    3.8.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................573

    3.8.3 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................573

    3.9 估算活动持续时间 .....................................................................................................574

    3.9.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................574

    3.9.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................574

    3.9.3 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................575

    3.10 制定进度计划 ...........................................................................................................575

    3.10.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................575

    3.10.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................576

    3.10.3 项目管理计划更新 .......................................................................................576

    3.10.4 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................576

    3.11 规划成本管理 ...........................................................................................................577

    3.11.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................577

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    3.12 估算成本 ....................................................................................................................577

    3.12.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................578

    3.12.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................578

    3.12.3 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................578

    3.13 制定预算 ....................................................................................................................578

    3.13.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................579

    3.13.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................579

    3.13.3 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................579

    3.14 规划质量管理 ...........................................................................................................580

    3.14.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................580

    3.14.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................580

    3.14.3 项目管理计划更新 .......................................................................................581

    3.14.4 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................581

    3.15 规划资源管理 ...........................................................................................................581

    3.15.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................582

    3.15.2 项目文件........................................................................................................582

    3.15.3 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................582

    3.16 估算活动资源 ...........................................................................................................582

    3.16.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................583

    3.16.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................583

    3.16.3 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................583

    3.17 规划沟通管理 ............................................................................................................584

    3.17.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................584

    3.17.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................584

    3.17.3 项目管理计划更新 .......................................................................................584

    3.17.4 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................585

    3.18 规划风险管理 ...........................................................................................................585

    3.18.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................585

    3.18.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................585

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    3.19 识别风险 ....................................................................................................................586

    3.19.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................586

    3.19.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................587

    3.19.3 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................587

    3.20 实施定性风险分析 ...................................................................................................588

    3.20.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................588

    3.20.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................588

    3.20.3 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................589

    3.21 实施定量风险分析 ...................................................................................................589

    3.21.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................589

    3.21.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................590

    3.21.3 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................590

    3.22 规划风险应对 ...........................................................................................................590

    3.22.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................591

    3.22.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................591

    3.22.3 项目管理计划更新 .......................................................................................591

    3.22.4 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................592

    3.23 规划采购管理 ...........................................................................................................592

    3.23.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................593

    3.23.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................593

    3.23.3 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................593

    3.24 规划相关方参与 .......................................................................................................594

    3.24.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................594

    3.24.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................594

    4. 执行过程组 ...........................................................................................................................595

    4.1 指导与管理项目工作 .................................................................................................597

    4.1.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................597

    4.1.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................597

    4.1.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................598

    4.1.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................598

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    4.2 管理项目知识 .............................................................................................................598

    4.2.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................599

    4.2.2 项目文件..........................................................................................................599

    4.2.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................599

    4.3 管理质量 ......................................................................................................................599

    4.3.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................600

    4.3.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................600

    4.3.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................600

    4.3.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................600

    4.4 获取资源 ......................................................................................................................601

    4.4.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................601

    4.4.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................601

    4.4.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................602

    4.4.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................602

    4.5 建设团队 ......................................................................................................................602

    4.5.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................603

    4.5.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................603

    4.5.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................603

    4.5.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................603

    4.6 管理团队 ......................................................................................................................604

    4.6.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................604

    4.6.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................604

    4.6.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................605

    4.6.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................605

    4.7 管理沟通 ......................................................................................................................605

    4.7.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................606

    4.7.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................606

    4.7.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................606

    4.7.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................606

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    4.8 实施风险应对 .............................................................................................................607

    4.8.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................607

    4.8.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................607

    4.8.3 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................607

    4.9 实施采购 ......................................................................................................................608

    4.9.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................608

    4.9.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................609

    4.9.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................609

    4.9.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................609

    4.10 管理相关方参与 .......................................................................................................610

    4.10.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................610

    4.10.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................610

    4.10.3 项目管理计划更新 .......................................................................................611

    4.10.4 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................611

    5. 监控过程组 ..........................................................................................................................613

    5.1 监控项目工作 .............................................................................................................615

    5.1.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................615

    5.1.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................615

    5.1.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................616

    5.1.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................616

    5.2 实施整体变更控制 .....................................................................................................616

    5.2.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................617

    5.2.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................617

    5.2.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................617

    5.2.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................617

    5.3 确认范围 ......................................................................................................................618

    5.3.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................618

    5.3.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................618

    5.3.3 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................619

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    5.4 控制范围 ......................................................................................................................619

    5.4.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................619

    5.4.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................620

    5.4.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................620

    5.4.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................620

    5.5 控制进度 ......................................................................................................................621

    5.5.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................621

    5.5.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................621

    5.5.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................622

    5.5.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................622

    5.6 控制成本 ......................................................................................................................622

    5.6.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................623

    5.6.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................623

    5.6.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................623

    5.6.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................623

    5.7 控制质量 ......................................................................................................................624

    5.7.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................624

    5.7.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................624

    5.7.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................625

    5.7.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................625

    5.8 控制资源 ......................................................................................................................625

    5.8.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................626

    5.8.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................626

    5.8.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................626

    5.8.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................626

    5.9 监督沟通 ......................................................................................................................627

    5.9.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................627

    5.9.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................627

    5.9.3 项目管理计划更新 .........................................................................................628

    5.9.4 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................628

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    5.10 监督风险 ....................................................................................................................628

    5.10.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................629

    5.10.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................629

    5.10.3 项目管理计划更新 .......................................................................................629

    5.10.4 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................629

    5.11 控制采购 ....................................................................................................................629

    5.11.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................630

    5.11.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................630

    5.11.3 项目管理计划更新 .......................................................................................631

    5.11.4 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................631

    5.12 监督相关方参与 .......................................................................................................631

    5.12.1 项目管理计划组件 .......................................................................................632

    5.12.2 项目文件示例 ...............................................................................................632

    5.12.3 项目管理计划更新 .......................................................................................632

    5.12.4 项目文件更新 ...............................................................................................632

    6. 收尾过程组 ...........................................................................................................................633

    6.1 结束项目或阶段 .........................................................................................................634

    6.1.1 项目管理计划组件 .........................................................................................634

    6.1.2 项目文件示例 .................................................................................................635

    6.1.3 项目文件更新 .................................................................................................635

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    第三部分

    附录、术语表、索引

    附录 X1

    第 6 版更新 ...............................................................................................................................639

    附录 X2

    第六版《PMBOK? 指南》编审人员 .......................................................................................651

    附录 X3

    敏捷型、迭代型、适应型和混合型项目环境 ....................................................................665

    附录 X4

    知识领域关键概念总结 ..........................................................................................................673

    附录 X5

    知识领域裁剪考虑因素总结..................................................................................................679

    附录 X6

    工具与技术 ...............................................................................................................................685

    术语表(英文排序) ..............................................................................................................537

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    图表目录

    第一部分

    项目管理知识体系指南(PMBOK? 指南)

    图 1-1 组织通过项目进行状态转换 ............................................................................6

    图 1-2 项目启动背景 .....................................................................................................8

    图 1-3 项目组合、项目集、项目和运营 .................................................................12

    图 1-4 组织项目管理 ...................................................................................................17

    图 1-5 PMBOK? 指南关键组成部分在项目中的相互关系 ......................................18

    图 1-6 过程示例：输入、工具与技术和输出 .........................................................22

    图 1-7 项目数据、信息和报告流向 ..........................................................................27

    图 1-8 需求评估与关键业务项目文件的相互关系 ...............................................30

    图 2-1 项目影响 ...........................................................................................................37

    图 3-1 项目经理的影响力范围示例 ..........................................................................53

    图 3-2 PMI 人才三角? .................................................................................................57

    图 4-1 项目整合管理概述 ..........................................................................................71

    图 4-2 制定项目章程：输入、工具与技术和输出 .................................................75

    图 4-3 制定项目章程：数据流向图 ..........................................................................76

    图 4-4 制定项目管理计划：输入、工具与技术和输出 ........................................82

    PMI Member benefit licensed to: Jun Ma - 3160505. Not for distribution, sale, or reproduction.XX 图表目录

    图 4-5 制定项目管理计划：数据流向图 .................................................................82

    图 4-6 指导与管理项目工作：输入、工具与技术和输出 ....................................90

    图 4-7 指导与管理项目工作：数据流向图 .............................................................91

    图 4-8 管理项目知识：输入、工具与技术和输出 .................................................98

    图 4-9 管理项目知识：数据流向图 ..........................................................................99

    图 4-10 监控项目工作：输入、工具与技术和输出 ...............................................105

    图 4-11 监控项目工作：数据流向图 ........................................................................106

    图 4-12 实施整体变更控制：输入、工具与技术和输出 ......................................113

    图 4-13 实施整体变更控制：数据流向图 ...............................................................114

    图 4-14 结束项目或阶段：输入、工具与技术和输出 ..........................................121

    图 4-15 结束项目或阶段：数据流向图 ...................................................................122

    图 5-1 项目范围管理概述 ........................................................................................130

    图 5-2 规划范围管理：输入、工具与技术和输出 ...............................................134

    图 5-3 规划范围管理：数据流向图 ........................................................................134

    图 5-4 收集需求：输入、工具与技术和输出 .................................. ......