附3-附8.doc
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参见附件(183KB)。
附3医学英语的特征
① 特殊的单复数(单数→复数)
·a→ae▲aortae-aortae[主动脉]
▲pleura-pleurae[胸膜]
·us→i▲coccus-cocci[球菌]
▲bacillus-bacilli[杆菌]
·um→a▲serum-sera[血清]
▲bacterium-bactera[细菌]
·on→a▲phenomenon-phenomena[现象]
▲criterion-criteria[标准]
·x→ces▲cortex-cortices[皮质]
▲appendix-appendices[阑尾]
▲thorax-thoraces[胸廓]
·x→ges▲pharynx-pharynges[咽]
▲larynx-larynges[喉]
·is→es▲crisis-crises[危象]
▲analysis-analyses[分析]
·ma→mata▲trauma-traumata[创伤]
▲hemotoma-hemotomata[血肿]
·men→mina▲lumen-lumina[腔]
▲abdomen-abdomina[腹]
2、字母可互通使用
·ae-e▲haemorrhage-hemorrhage[出血]
▲aetiology-etiology[病因]
·oe-e▲oedema-edema[水肿]
▲oesophagus-esophagus[食管]
·ou-u▲oulitis-ulitis[牙龈炎]
▲ouroscopy-uroscopy[尿检]
·ph-f▲sulphate-sulfate[硫酸盐]
▲sulphonamide-sulfonamide[磺胺]
·k-c▲EKG-ECG[心电图]
▲leukocyte-leucocyte[白细胞]
▲Katabolism-catabolism[分解代谢]
·y-i▲syrup-sirup[糖浆]
3、英美的不同拼写形式(英-美)
·our(英)-or(美)▲colour-color[颜色]
▲tumour-tumor[肿瘤]
·re-er▲centre-center[中心]
▲metre-meter[米]
·yes-yze▲analyse-analyze[分析]
▲paralyse-paralyze[瘫痪]
·xion-ction▲connexion-connection[连接]
▲reflexion-reflection[反射]
·mme-m▲gramme-gram[克]
·ogue-og▲dialogue-dialog[对话]
▲catalogue-catalog[目录]
·c-k▲disc-disk[软盘]
▲sceptic-skeptic[怀疑论者]
4、词根交替现象
·mouth[口]-oral[口的]
·tooth[牙齿]-dental[牙齿的]
·tongue[舌]-lingual[舌的]
·ear[耳]-aural[耳的]
·nose[鼻]-nasal[鼻的]
·eye[眼]-ophthalmic[眼的]
·skin[皮肤]-dermal[皮肤的]
·heart [心]-cardiac[心脏的]
·liver[肝]-hepatic[肝的]
·stomach[胃]-gastric[胃的]
·lung[肺]-pulmonary[肺的]
·kideny[肾]-renal[肾的]
·neck[颈]-cervical[颈的]
·chest[胸]-thoracic[胸的]
·brain[脑]-cerebral[脑的]
·nerve[神经]-neural[神经的]
·rib[肋骨]-costal[肋骨的]
·mother[母]-maternal[母亲的]
·heat[热]-thermal[热的]
·bone[骨]-bony[骨的]
·virus[病毒]-viral[病毒的]
·saliva[唾液]-salivary[唾液的]
·respiration[呼吸]-respiratory[呼吸的]
·joint[关节]-arthritis[关节炎]
·kidney[肾]-nephritis[肾炎]
·nerve[神经]-neuritis[神经炎]
·lioer[肝]-hepatitis[肝炎]
·brain[脑]-encephalitis[脑炎]
·stomache[胃]-gastritis[胃炎]
·artery[动脉]-arteritis[动脉炎]
·bronchus[支气管]-bronchitis[支气管炎]
·heart[心]-cardiology[心脏病学]
·eye[眼]-ophthalmology[眼科学]
·cell[细胞]-cytology[细胞学]
·tumor[肿瘤]-oncology[肿瘤学]
·disease[病]-pathology[病理学]
·drug[药]-pharmocology[药理学]
·parasite[寄生虫]-parasitology[寄生虫学]
·bacterium[细菌]-bacteriology[细菌学]
·cell[细胸]-cyto-[细胞]
·blood[血]-hemo-[血]
5、常用拉丁短语
·ad arbitrium[随意地]
·ad decubitum[临睡时]
·ad effectum[直至有效]
·ad interim[暂时]
·ad libitum(ad lib)[随意]
·ad usum externum[外用]
·ad usum internum[内服]
·ante caenam[晚饭前]
·ante cibum[饭前]
·ante horam decubitus[睡前]
·ante jentaculum[早饭前]
·ante meridiem(A.M)[上午]
·bis in die(B.i.d)[每天二次]
·curriculum vitae (C.V)[简历]
·et al (et alia)[等等]
·exmpli gratia (e.g)[例如]
·id est (i.e)[即]
·in brevi[简言之]
·in situ[原位]
·in vitro[体外]
·in vivo[体内]
·locus in quo[现象]
·note bene(N.B)[注意]
·per annum[每年]
·per centum (percent)[百分之......]
·per diem[每日]
·per mensem[每月]
·per os (p.o)[经口]
·per rectum[经直肠]
·post meridiem (P.M)[下午]
·post mortem[死后]
·post partum[产后]
·post scriptum(P.S)[附言]
·pro dosi[一次量]
·pro et contra (pro et con)[赞成和反对]
·pro re nata (p.r.n)[必要时]
·quaque die (q.d)[每天一次]
·quaque nocte (q.n)[每晚一次]
·quaque quarta hora(q.4h)[每4小时1次]
·quaque secundo die(q.o.d)[每二天一次]
·ter in die (t.i.d)[每天三次]
·ut infra[如下所述]
·ut supra[如上所述]
·vice versa[反之亦然]
·vide infra[参见下文]
·vide supra[参见前文]
附4医学英语常用短语
1、常用医学短语
·a bit of [少量]
·a chain of [一串的]
·a couple of [两个]
·a good few of [很多]
·a particle of [少量]
·a series of [一系列的]
·a set of [一套]
·a variety of [种种的]
·abound in [富于]
·above all[首先是]
·access to [接近]
·account for [说明]
·accustomed to[习惯于]
·act as [充当]
·act on[作用于]
·adapt......to[使......适应于]
·add up to [总数为]
·addiction to[对......成瘾]
·adhere to[附着于......]
·adjacent to[接近]
·advantage over[优于]
·adverse to[不利于]
·advisable for[对......适宜]
·affinity for [对......的亲和力]
·ahead of [优于]
·ahead of schedule(time)[提前]
·all but[除......以外都]
·all over[全身]
·all through[从头到尾]
·amount to[合计]
·abundance of [充裕的]
·and so on(forth)[等等]
·apply to [适用于]
·arise from[起因于]
·as a consequence of [由于......的结果]
·as a result of [因为]
·as a rule(general)[通常]
·as a whole[总体来说]
·as above[如上]
·as follows[如下]
·as it is known[众所周知]
·as long as[只要]
·as regards (respect)[至于]
·as usual[照常]
·as well[同样]
·as well as [象......一样]
·aside from[除......外]
·at all costs[无论代价如何]
·at all events[无论如何]
·at all times[无论什么时候]
·at hand[在手边]
·at length[详细地]
·at random[随机地]
·at the expense of [以......为代价]
·at the risk of [冒......的危险]
·beware of [注意]
·beyond all hope[没有希望]
·break down[分解]
·bring about[引起]
·bring forward[提出]
·bring......to light[阐明]
·but for[要不是]
·by itself[独自]
·by mouth[口服]
·by no means[决不]
·by the way[顺便]
·call for [要求]
·cannot but[不得不]
·catch sight of [看见]
·catch the point of [领会......的要点]
·center in[以......为中心]
·characterized by[以......为特征]
·classified as[被分类为]
·classified......into[把......分类为]
·coincide with[与......一致]
·come into force (effect)[生效]
·come into fashion[流行]
·come into play[开始起应用]
·come into use[开始应用]
·come to a conclusion[得出结论]
·come to a decision[作出决定]
·complain of[主诉]
·comply with[遵照]
·concerned about[关心]
·concerned with[与......有关]
·confer......on[把......给予]......（后略) ......
附3医学英语的特征
① 特殊的单复数(单数→复数)
·a→ae▲aortae-aortae[主动脉]
▲pleura-pleurae[胸膜]
·us→i▲coccus-cocci[球菌]
▲bacillus-bacilli[杆菌]
·um→a▲serum-sera[血清]
▲bacterium-bactera[细菌]
·on→a▲phenomenon-phenomena[现象]
▲criterion-criteria[标准]
·x→ces▲cortex-cortices[皮质]
▲appendix-appendices[阑尾]
▲thorax-thoraces[胸廓]
·x→ges▲pharynx-pharynges[咽]
▲larynx-larynges[喉]
·is→es▲crisis-crises[危象]
▲analysis-analyses[分析]
·ma→mata▲trauma-traumata[创伤]
▲hemotoma-hemotomata[血肿]
·men→mina▲lumen-lumina[腔]
▲abdomen-abdomina[腹]
2、字母可互通使用
·ae-e▲haemorrhage-hemorrhage[出血]
▲aetiology-etiology[病因]
·oe-e▲oedema-edema[水肿]
▲oesophagus-esophagus[食管]
·ou-u▲oulitis-ulitis[牙龈炎]
▲ouroscopy-uroscopy[尿检]
·ph-f▲sulphate-sulfate[硫酸盐]
▲sulphonamide-sulfonamide[磺胺]
·k-c▲EKG-ECG[心电图]
▲leukocyte-leucocyte[白细胞]
▲Katabolism-catabolism[分解代谢]
·y-i▲syrup-sirup[糖浆]
3、英美的不同拼写形式(英-美)
·our(英)-or(美)▲colour-color[颜色]
▲tumour-tumor[肿瘤]
·re-er▲centre-center[中心]
▲metre-meter[米]
·yes-yze▲analyse-analyze[分析]
▲paralyse-paralyze[瘫痪]
·xion-ction▲connexion-connection[连接]
▲reflexion-reflection[反射]
·mme-m▲gramme-gram[克]
·ogue-og▲dialogue-dialog[对话]
▲catalogue-catalog[目录]
·c-k▲disc-disk[软盘]
▲sceptic-skeptic[怀疑论者]
4、词根交替现象
·mouth[口]-oral[口的]
·tooth[牙齿]-dental[牙齿的]
·tongue[舌]-lingual[舌的]
·ear[耳]-aural[耳的]
·nose[鼻]-nasal[鼻的]
·eye[眼]-ophthalmic[眼的]
·skin[皮肤]-dermal[皮肤的]
·heart [心]-cardiac[心脏的]
·liver[肝]-hepatic[肝的]
·stomach[胃]-gastric[胃的]
·lung[肺]-pulmonary[肺的]
·kideny[肾]-renal[肾的]
·neck[颈]-cervical[颈的]
·chest[胸]-thoracic[胸的]
·brain[脑]-cerebral[脑的]
·nerve[神经]-neural[神经的]
·rib[肋骨]-costal[肋骨的]
·mother[母]-maternal[母亲的]
·heat[热]-thermal[热的]
·bone[骨]-bony[骨的]
·virus[病毒]-viral[病毒的]
·saliva[唾液]-salivary[唾液的]
·respiration[呼吸]-respiratory[呼吸的]
·joint[关节]-arthritis[关节炎]
·kidney[肾]-nephritis[肾炎]
·nerve[神经]-neuritis[神经炎]
·lioer[肝]-hepatitis[肝炎]
·brain[脑]-encephalitis[脑炎]
·stomache[胃]-gastritis[胃炎]
·artery[动脉]-arteritis[动脉炎]
·bronchus[支气管]-bronchitis[支气管炎]
·heart[心]-cardiology[心脏病学]
·eye[眼]-ophthalmology[眼科学]
·cell[细胞]-cytology[细胞学]
·tumor[肿瘤]-oncology[肿瘤学]
·disease[病]-pathology[病理学]
·drug[药]-pharmocology[药理学]
·parasite[寄生虫]-parasitology[寄生虫学]
·bacterium[细菌]-bacteriology[细菌学]
·cell[细胸]-cyto-[细胞]
·blood[血]-hemo-[血]
5、常用拉丁短语
·ad arbitrium[随意地]
·ad decubitum[临睡时]
·ad effectum[直至有效]
·ad interim[暂时]
·ad libitum(ad lib)[随意]
·ad usum externum[外用]
·ad usum internum[内服]
·ante caenam[晚饭前]
·ante cibum[饭前]
·ante horam decubitus[睡前]
·ante jentaculum[早饭前]
·ante meridiem(A.M)[上午]
·bis in die(B.i.d)[每天二次]
·curriculum vitae (C.V)[简历]
·et al (et alia)[等等]
·exmpli gratia (e.g)[例如]
·id est (i.e)[即]
·in brevi[简言之]
·in situ[原位]
·in vitro[体外]
·in vivo[体内]
·locus in quo[现象]
·note bene(N.B)[注意]
·per annum[每年]
·per centum (percent)[百分之......]
·per diem[每日]
·per mensem[每月]
·per os (p.o)[经口]
·per rectum[经直肠]
·post meridiem (P.M)[下午]
·post mortem[死后]
·post partum[产后]
·post scriptum(P.S)[附言]
·pro dosi[一次量]
·pro et contra (pro et con)[赞成和反对]
·pro re nata (p.r.n)[必要时]
·quaque die (q.d)[每天一次]
·quaque nocte (q.n)[每晚一次]
·quaque quarta hora(q.4h)[每4小时1次]
·quaque secundo die(q.o.d)[每二天一次]
·ter in die (t.i.d)[每天三次]
·ut infra[如下所述]
·ut supra[如上所述]
·vice versa[反之亦然]
·vide infra[参见下文]
·vide supra[参见前文]
附4医学英语常用短语
1、常用医学短语
·a bit of [少量]
·a chain of [一串的]
·a couple of [两个]
·a good few of [很多]
·a particle of [少量]
·a series of [一系列的]
·a set of [一套]
·a variety of [种种的]
·abound in [富于]
·above all[首先是]
·access to [接近]
·account for [说明]
·accustomed to[习惯于]
·act as [充当]
·act on[作用于]
·adapt......to[使......适应于]
·add up to [总数为]
·addiction to[对......成瘾]
·adhere to[附着于......]
·adjacent to[接近]
·advantage over[优于]
·adverse to[不利于]
·advisable for[对......适宜]
·affinity for [对......的亲和力]
·ahead of [优于]
·ahead of schedule(time)[提前]
·all but[除......以外都]
·all over[全身]
·all through[从头到尾]
·amount to[合计]
·abundance of [充裕的]
·and so on(forth)[等等]
·apply to [适用于]
·arise from[起因于]
·as a consequence of [由于......的结果]
·as a result of [因为]
·as a rule(general)[通常]
·as a whole[总体来说]
·as above[如上]
·as follows[如下]
·as it is known[众所周知]
·as long as[只要]
·as regards (respect)[至于]
·as usual[照常]
·as well[同样]
·as well as [象......一样]
·aside from[除......外]
·at all costs[无论代价如何]
·at all events[无论如何]
·at all times[无论什么时候]
·at hand[在手边]
·at length[详细地]
·at random[随机地]
·at the expense of [以......为代价]
·at the risk of [冒......的危险]
·beware of [注意]
·beyond all hope[没有希望]
·break down[分解]
·bring about[引起]
·bring forward[提出]
·bring......to light[阐明]
·but for[要不是]
·by itself[独自]
·by mouth[口服]
·by no means[决不]
·by the way[顺便]
·call for [要求]
·cannot but[不得不]
·catch sight of [看见]
·catch the point of [领会......的要点]
·center in[以......为中心]
·characterized by[以......为特征]
·classified as[被分类为]
·classified......into[把......分类为]
·coincide with[与......一致]
·come into force (effect)[生效]
·come into fashion[流行]
·come into play[开始起应用]
·come into use[开始应用]
·come to a conclusion[得出结论]
·come to a decision[作出决定]
·complain of[主诉]
·comply with[遵照]
·concerned about[关心]
·concerned with[与......有关]
·confer......on[把......给予]......（后略) ......
附件资料：